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Macbeth's Ambition and the Prophecy: Act III, Lecture notes of English Literature

In act iii of macbeth, banquo ponders the prophecies and macbeth's potential deceit, leading to his own murder. Macbeth's ambition and guilt begin to unravel his sanity, while banquo's ghost haunts him. Suspicions of macbeth's involvement in banquo's death spread, and macbeth prepares for war.

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2021/2022

Uploaded on 09/12/2022

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Act III of Macbeth opens with Banquo. He paces a
corridor, wondering out loud about the prophecies. He
notes that all of the prophecies for Macbeth have come
true; however, he wonders if Macbeth "played foully" or
cheated his way into the kingship. Banquo also wonders
if the prophecy about his own sons being kings might
become true, putting this at the forefront of this act as a
focal point.
Banquo doesn't ponder long, however, because soon
enough Macbeth himself enters onto scene. Macbeth
invites Banquo to a feast that he is holding that evening.
Banquo accepts, telling Macbeth that he and his son are
going for a leisurely horse ride that afternoon. Macbeth
also mentions that they should address the issue of
Malcolm and Donalbain because he believes they may be
plotting against him.
Soon, Macbeth is left alone in the hallway. A servant
approaches to tell him that some men have come to see
him. Macbeth sends the servant away to fetch the men
and, alone on stage once again, he launches into a
soliloquy. He ponders the issue of Banquo, noting that
he is the only person in Scotland whom he fears because
of his strength, wisdom, and good character. Macbeth
also wonders if he has killed Duncan only to have
Banquo's sons become kings instead of his own
descendants; the thought infuriates and frustrates him.
The men Macbeth summoned appear on the scene, and
it is revealed that they are actually murderers whom
Macbeth has hired to kill Banquo. Macbeth reminds the
murderers of the plan, insisting they make sure to kill
Fleance as well. He also reminds the murderers of their
reason for killing Banquo- that on some past occasion,
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Act III of Macbeth opens with Banquo. He paces a corridor, wondering out loud about the prophecies. He notes that all of the prophecies for Macbeth have come true; however, he wonders if Macbeth "played foully" or cheated his way into the kingship. Banquo also wonders if the prophecy about his own sons being kings might become true, putting this at the forefront of this act as a focal point. Banquo doesn't ponder long, however, because soon enough Macbeth himself enters onto scene. Macbeth invites Banquo to a feast that he is holding that evening. Banquo accepts, telling Macbeth that he and his son are going for a leisurely horse ride that afternoon. Macbeth also mentions that they should address the issue of Malcolm and Donalbain because he believes they may be plotting against him. Soon, Macbeth is left alone in the hallway. A servant approaches to tell him that some men have come to see him. Macbeth sends the servant away to fetch the men and, alone on stage once again, he launches into a soliloquy. He ponders the issue of Banquo, noting that he is the only person in Scotland whom he fears because of his strength, wisdom, and good character. Macbeth also wonders if he has killed Duncan only to have Banquo's sons become kings instead of his own descendants; the thought infuriates and frustrates him. The men Macbeth summoned appear on the scene, and it is revealed that they are actually murderers whom Macbeth has hired to kill Banquo. Macbeth reminds the murderers of the plan, insisting they make sure to kill Fleance as well. He also reminds the murderers of their reason for killing Banquo- that on some past occasion,

they were wronged by him. To justify his actions, Macbeth also says to them that he would kill Banquo himself, if he could do it without upsetting their mutual friends. In scene two, Lady Macbeth worries about being disconnected from her husband. He appears to be making major decisions with her, having not told her of his plans to murder Banquo until this point. This scene marks another turning point for these two characters. Whereas in the first two acts, Lady Macbeth is making many of the decisions, Macbeth has now taken charge. In addition, whereas his conscience seemed to rule over his decisions and he felt remorse over his actions in the first two scenes, this has begun to dissipate. He now has no hesitations about arranging for Banquo's murder. He is now driven solely by his ambition, and he is willing to do whatever is necessary to keep the power he has gained. In scene three, the two murderers are joined by a third murderer. They attack Banquo, killing him. Fleance, however, manages to escape. This detail is important because it allows for the possibility that Banquo's heirs could still replace Macbeth's descendants on the throne. In the next scene, Macbeth and his wife are hosting a great feast. On their way in, Macbeth meets with one of the murderers, who informs him that Banquo has been killed but Fleance has escaped. This makes Macbeth fearful for his future because he knows that the prophecy could still be fulfilled. Though shaken, he goes in to the feast only to see the ghost of Banquo sitting in his chair. However, no one else at the banquet can see this ghost. Lady Macbeth scolds her husband, and

the plans to meddle with Macbeth's future. However, she decides to take over the plans, and tells the witches that when Macbeth comes to visit they will show him visions that fill him with a false sense of security. In the final scene of the act, Lennox-one of the thanes- walks with another lord. The two discuss recent goings- on in Scotland, particularly Banquo's murderer. Conveniently, this murder was pinned on Fleance because he fled the scene. However, both of these men are not so easily fooled, and they suspect Macbeth in the murder. The lord tells Lennox that Macduff has fled to England to get help from Malcolm and the king of England to overthrow Macbeth. Having caught wind of these plots, Macbeth is preparing for war. Both Lennox and the lord, however, hope that Macduff and Malcolm will be successful. In this act, it becomes clear on many levels that, though Macbeth has power, he is danger of losing it all. Not only has Fleance survived the assassination attempt, but Macbeth's thanes are clearly suspicious of him and unhappy with his tyrannical rule.