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AANP Adult-Gerontology Nurse
Practitioner (AGPCNP) 2024 Exam Prep
Questions and Answers 100% Pass
senile lentigines - Answer>> Senile Lentigines (liver spots), which are brown macules found on the backs of the hands, forearms, and face caused by localized mild epidermal hyperplasia in association with increased numbers of melanocytes and increased melanin production. Sebaceous gland hyperplasia - Answer>> Sebaceous gland hyperplasia is found especially on the forehead and nose, with a raised area from 1 to 3 mm in size with a central pore. Petechiae - Answer>> Petechiae are reddish, purple spots (usually 1-2 mm) of bleeding under the skin that may occur from numerous causes. Senile purpura - Answer>> Senile purpura is commonly found, characterized by purple macules (not petechiae) appearing on the backs of the hands or on the forearms that result from blood that has extravasated through capillaries due to a loss of skin elasticity. Chloasma - Answer>> Chloasma is hyperpigmentation occurring on the face of a pregnant woman Frailty - Answer>> Frailty (also known as failure to thrive) is a common clinical syndrome in older adults. Common findings with the condition of frailty are low grip strength, slowed walking speed, low physical activity, unintentional weight loss, decreased lean body mass (sarcopenia), osteopenia, cognitive impairment, and anemia. Frailty can leave a patient vulnerable to falls, functional decline, disability, disease, and death.
Providing a previsit screening tool or questionnaire to allow the older adolescent to identify and write down concerns prior to the start of the visit is a helpful open-ended approach to assist the adult-gerontology primary care nurse practitioner to phrase questions in an appropriate way to promote a sense of partnership that encourages communication. - Answer>> TRUE Adolescents may be reluctant to talk, and have a clear need for confidentiality. - Answer>> TRUE Use of a gentle confrontational approach when the adolescent is silent or unable to express specific words about physical changes occurring. - Answer>> FALSE A healthy adult patient should be able to repeat a series of how many numbers? - Answer>> When assessing immediate recall or new learning, a healthy adult patient without cognitive decline should be able to repeat a series of 5-8 numbers. The adult-gerontology primary care nurse practitioner selects which assessment tool to evaluate balance and gait problems in older adult patients? - Answer>> The Tinetti Balance and Gait Evaluation is an activity-based test that asks the patient to perform tasks, such as sitting and rising from a chair, turning, and bending. It requires no more than 15 to 20 minutes to perform. the timed "Up and Go" test - Answer>> assesses balance and gait speed The Instrumental Activities of Daily Living Scale assesses... - Answer>> The Instrumental Activities of Daily Living Scale
chart should have at least three generations noted. The pedigree chart is an important component of a family history and can provide information regarding diseases that are transmitted or occur in family generations. It can be used as a diagnostic tool to help guide decisions about genetic testing for the patient and at- risk family members. In assessing the nutritional status of an older adult patient, the adult-gerontology primary care nurse practitioner identifies the common physiologic change in the gastrointestinal system to be - Answer>> Decreased hydrochloric acid, which occurs with aging, leads to decreased absorption of iron and vitamin B12. Excessive growth of certain bacteria (bacterial overgrowth syndrome) becomes more common with age and can lead to pain, bloating, and weight loss. Common physiologic changes in the gastrointestinal system of an older adult patient include - Answer>> Decreased hydroelectric acid, which occurs with aging, leads to decreased absorption of iron and vitamin B12. Excessive growth of certain bacteria (bacterial overgrowth syndrome) becomes more common with age and can lead to pain, bloating, and weight loss. Bacterial overgrowth may also lead to decreased absorption of certain nutrients, such as vitamin B12, iron, and calcium. The stomach cannot accommodate as much food (because of decreased elasticity). The rate at which the stomach empties food into the small intestine decreases with aging. Fat absorption will decrease Peristalsis decreases clinical findings would indicate a deviation from the normal age- related changes in the neurologic system that may have some diagnostic significance for the older patient? - Answer>>
Decreased ability to maintain balance may indicate a cerebellar complication. The other findings (decreased sense of touch, diminished ankle tendon reflex, and decreased short-term memory are normal age-related changes. myopia - Answer>> nearsightedness hyperopia - Answer>> farsightedness astigmatism - Answer>> distorted vision at all distances presbyopia - Answer>> farsightedness caused by loss of elasticity of the lens of the eye, occurring typically in middle and old age. constitutional symptoms include: - Answer>> A constitutional symptom is defined as a symptom that affects the general well- being or general status of a patient. Examples include weight loss, shaking, chills, fever, pain, and vomiting. Constitutional symptoms tend to be nonspecific to a particular disease and because of this, they are not useful in diagnosis of conditions as non-constitutional symptoms. The following screening tools are available for the adult- gerontology primary care nurse practitioner to use to assess for polypharmacy in the older adult patient: - Answer>> Medication Appropriateness Index (MAI) Screening Tool of Older Persons' Potentially Inappropriate Prescriptions (STOPP) Beers List Beers' List - Answer>> Beers' List of Inappropriate drugs for Older Adults
The OARS ADL Scale is... - Answer>> The Older Americans Resources and Services (OARS) Activities of Daily Living (ADL) Scale is the more appropriate screening tool for identifying at-risk populations. What is the Bennet Social Isolation Scale - Answer>> is used to evaluate social interactions and resources Mini-Mental State Examination - Answer>> The Mini-Mental State Examination is used to evaluate memory, orientation, and attention. The Norton Scale - Answer>> The Norton Scale is used to evaluate pressure ulcer risk. Ineffective water conservation and Decreased thirst drive and the older adult - Answer>> As an individual ages, dehydration becomes a more prevalent problem because of ineffective water conservation and Decreased thirst drive and the older adult In the older adult population, which group is considered the fastest growing cohort? - Answer>> 85 years and older As an individual ages, which physiologic change would affect responses to pharmacologic agents? - Answer>> Medications are often protein bound (not fat bound); albumin decreases with age. A low albumin level decreases the number of protein-binding sites, causing an increase in the amount of free drug in the plasma. Drug overdose may occur in older adult patients. The number one cause of accidental death in patients older than 65 years of age is: - Answer>> Falls are the major cause of
morbidity and mortality in the older adult. A fall is often the precipitating event for a cascade of problems leading to death. Complications from falls include ... - Answer>> Fractures, pneumonia, pressure ulcers, pain, and immobility. What are the normal physiologic changes in the thyroid gland that occur with aging? - Answer>> There is usually adequate secretion of TSH and a normal serum concentration of T4. Aging may produce fibrosis and increased nodularity, but overall the thyroid function remains within normal limits. The aging process causes what normal physiologic changes in the heart? - Answer>> Heart size stays the same, and the valves thicken and become rigid secondary to fibrosis and sclerosis. Pulmonary physiologic changes commonly associated with the aging process include ... - Answer>> A decrease in the vital capacity, along with a 50% increase in residual volume, occurs during the aging process. Other aging changes include a less effective cough, impaired ciliary action, and weaker respiratory muscles. Increased AP diameter is associated with aging and in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. PO2 usually decreases, but PCO2 usually remains unchanged or slightly increased. As patients age, it becomes particularly important to encourage an increased intake of: - Answer>> Decreased hydrochloric acid, which occurs with aging, leads to decreased absorption of iron and vitamin B12 and is related to loss of intrinsic factor. Older adults are considered at risk for vitamin D deficiency, which contributes to osteoporosis. Bone loss that occurs with aging is related to low calcium. True or False:
The adult-gerontology primary care nurse practitioner understands that as the patient ages changes occur in the cells of the immune system. Which statement reflects these changes? - Answer>> There is an increased ability to respond to infections with previously produced "remembered" antibodies.
