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This study guide provides a comprehensive overview of the integumentary system, covering its structure, functions, and common conditions. It includes key concepts, examples, and explanations of various skin disorders, such as acne, eczema, and skin cancer. The guide is designed to help students understand the complexities of the integumentary system and its role in maintaining overall health.
Typology: Exams
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weight of skin - ✔✔6 lbs
skin - ✔✔largest organ of the human body
5 main functions of the integumentary system - ✔✔protection, regulation, sensation, absorption, and secretion
vitamin D - ✔✔produced in skin
Regulation (skin) - ✔✔temperature
rises in body temperature - blood vessel dilate.
Sensation (skin) - ✔✔contains microscopic nerve endings.
sensory reaction types - ✔✔pressure, traction, heat, cold, pain, etc.
Absorption (skin) - ✔✔Oil, water and vitamins provide necessary moisture , nourishment and protection
Secretion (skin) - ✔✔perspiration
build up causes bacterial growth - creating body odor
Layers of skin - ✔✔epidermis, dermis, subcutaneous
Epidermis - ✔✔outermost layer of skin
Dermis - ✔✔middle layer of skin
subcutaneous layer - ✔✔innermost layer of the skin, containing fat tissue
shaft (hair) - ✔✔the portion above the skin surface (visible)
pilomotor muscles - ✔✔Cause erection of hairs in response to cold, irritation, or emotional stimuli
nail - ✔✔consists of the body, root, and matrix
matrix (nail) - ✔✔nail bed
A lost fingernail may take _________ months to regrow - ✔✔3.5 - 5.
A lost toenail may take months to regrow - ✔✔6 - 8
sebaceous glands - ✔✔oil glands in the skin
sebum - ✔✔the oily secretion of the sebaceous glands
sudoriferous glands - ✔✔sweat glands
benign - ✔✔noncancerous
malignant - ✔✔cancerous
more prone to skin cancer - ✔✔natural redheads and blondes, people with fairer skin
alopecia areata - ✔✔Patchy loss of hair occurring on the scalp or other parts of the body. occurs in about 1 in 100 people (mostly teens and young adults)
cellulitis - ✔✔acute infection of the skin and subcutaneous tissue. often caused by a cut, ulceration, or abrasion
Cellulitis risk factors - ✔✔IV drug use, impairment of the immune system, and diabetes
erythema - ✔✔redness of the skin
Staphylococcus (staph) - ✔✔cause of cellulitis, treated with penicillin based antibiotics
contact dermatitis - ✔✔irritated or allergic response of the skin coming in contact with an irritating substance
vesicles - ✔✔small blisters
decubitus ulcer - ✔✔Pressure sore or bed sore, it is an ulcer, initially of the skin, due to prolonged pressure.
Stage 1 decubitus ulcer - ✔✔reddened area of skin
Stage 2 decubitus ulcer - ✔✔Superficial blistering and breakdown of skin layers
Stage 3 decubitus ulcer - ✔✔Full Thickness to subcutaneous; muscle exposed
Stage 4 Decubitus Ulcer - ✔✔damage to bone and/or muscle
eczema (atopic dermatitis) - ✔✔inflammation of the skin with lesions caused by allergy.
treated with corticosteroids and "TIMs"
furuncle - ✔✔a boil
carbuncle - ✔✔a cluster of connected furuncles (boils)
Folliculitis - ✔✔an infection or inflammation of the hair follicles. Commonly in the face, scalp, armpits, and legs
herpes simplex - ✔✔Recurring viral infection that often presents as a fever blister or cold sore with potentially a fever.
herpes simplex virus type 1 - ✔✔the form of herpes that generates cold sores or fever blisters around the mouth
herpes simplex virus type 2 - ✔✔sexually transmitted, ulcer-like lesions of the genitals
herpes zoster - ✔✔shingles, viral infection affecting peripheral nerves that causes a painful rash
hirsutism - ✔✔excessive hair growth
Impetigo - ✔✔bacterial skin infection characterized by isolated pustules that become crusted and rupture. Common in children and very contagious
tinea - ✔✔infection of the skin caused by a fungus
tinea corporis - ✔✔ringworm
tinea capitis - ✔✔fungal infection of the scalp
medium chemical peel - ✔✔The purpose of this peel is to reduce wrinkles, make the skin appear softer than light chemical peels
Deep chemical peel - ✔✔aggressive treatment that can affect the layers of skin down to the dermal layer. May remove precancerous lesions
Laser resurfacing - ✔✔Uses a beam of highly focused light to vaporize the upper layers of damaged skin at specific and controlled levels of penetration. may take 1-2 hours
Microdermabrasion - ✔✔Mechanical exfoliation that is noninvasive and non-chemical