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2024/2025 AAAE CM MODULE 1 - 4, AAAE CM
TRAINING, AAAE CM FINAL/ACTUAL EXAM
WITH COMPLETE QUESTIONS ANDCORRECT
DETAILED ANSWERS|A+GRADE
AAAE CM MODULE 1
Air Commerce Act of 1926
- ANSWER- Created a new Aeronautics Branchknown as the CAA (the precursor of the FAA) Function of the Civil Aeronautics Board (CAB)
- ANSWER- Make safetyrules and economic regulation of the airlines Deregulation of the airlines created this airline design
- ANSWER- Hub andspoke system What act created the FAA?
- ANSWER- Federal Aviation Act (FAA) What act created the TSA?
- ANSWER- Transportation Safety Act (TSA) Airport and Airway Development Act of 1970
- ANSWER- Created gov'tsubsidies programs to expand the list of eligible projects for Federal Funding Growth of the FAAP to the AIP
- ANSWER- Will be discussed later Future challenges facing the industry
- ANSWER- 1. UAVs2. Commercial Space
- Cybersecurity Big dog of a Commercial Service Airport?
Big dog of a GA Airport? - ANSWER- FBO What is an FBO? - ANSWER- Fixed Base Operator that provides fuel What is a SASO? - ANSWER- Aeronautical Service that doesn't provide fuel How many airports in the US? - ANSWER- 19,000 ish How many airports are Commercial Service Airports? - ANSWER- Just over 5, How many GA airports are there? - ANSWER- Roughly 2, What are the significance of these numbers: 2500, 10000 and 3345? - ANSWER- 2,500 - Commercial Service Airport 10,000 - Primary Commercial Service Airport 3,345 - Number of public use airports in NPIAS Purpose of a GA Reliever Airport? - ANSWER- To relieve the GA traffic from a Commercial Service Airport Joint-Use Airport vs. Shared-Use Airport - ANSWER- Joint-Use - military owns the joint and leases space for commercial travel Shared-Use - owned by govt and military and civil Airport share runways and taxiways What is the importance of Part 91, Part 121 and Part 135? - ANSWER- Part 91 - General Aviation Safety Standards Part 121 - Scheduled Airlines Safety Standards (highest) Part 135 - Charter Airlines Safety Standards What is a public charter? - ANSWER- Similar to renting a limo but with a plane What do pilots check before flying? - ANSWER- Airport Facility Directory Weather Notices to Airman Weight and Balance Performance Check
engage with? - ANSWER- Airport District Office (ADO) What do the ACRP and PARAS projects show? - ANSWER- Peer reviewed research to provide best practice suggestions Two primary docs issued by the TSA? - ANSWER- Security Directive - provide direction to change security requirements Information Circulars - provide best practices Grant assurances are: - ANSWER- Promises made to the govt in exchange for land or money What three competing interests to Grant Assurances balance? - ANSWER-
- Allow the Executive to better manage local affairs
- Federal funds are used for public air transportation
- Promote social objectives (DBE/ADA) How long are assurances in effect? - ANSWER- 20 years to life If you don't adhere to Grant Assurances: - ANSWER- You risk losing federal funding and can be placed on the Airport Noncompliance List Who is most likely to file a Part 13 or Part 16? - ANSWER- Tenant Difference between a Part 13 and a Part 16? - ANSWER- Part 13 is an informal complaint while a Part 16 is formal complaint that can lead to consequences for the airport
What is Airport Law? - ANSWER- A phrase used to describe a collection of FAA regulations, adjudications, various statutes, Grant Assurances, ACs, and court decisions. What happens when an airport accepts federal grant money? - ANSWER- Becomes a closed fiscal system What is the role of FAA related to the airport operator? - ANSWER- The regulator, the gift-giver and the permission-giver What is the ICAO and what do they do? - ANSWER- Attempt to standardize global aviation but do not create rules or laws. Create regulations and standards What are the two types of On-Airport land? - ANSWER- Aeronautical and non-aeronautical. The FAA must give permission to reclassify aero land as non-aero. What are the two types of Off-Airport land? - ANSWER- Compatible and incompatible land What structures are generally considered to be incompatible with airport operations? - ANSWER- Residential, schools, churches, public hospitals or health facilities and concert halls What are some options for airport operators to attempt to prevent incompatible land use? - ANSWER- 1. Airport Master Plan integration with local zoning and community plans
- Adopt ordinances restricting incompatible land and limit the height of structures Grant Assurance 19 Operations and Maintenance, requires the airport to . - ANSWER- be operated at all times in a safe and serviceable condition Why does the FAA encourage airports to have minimum standards? - ANSWER- Ensure and adequate level of safe and efficient service Promote safety and a high quality of service
Exceptions: Community Purposes Not-for-Profits Transit Private transit Military How do residual agreements work? - ANSWER- Airlines cover the additional expenses of the airport What can be included in base rent? - ANSWER- Cost of airfield facilities Services Debt-service Cash reserves Environmental costs When are federal procurement policies and process required to be used? - ANSWER- When using federal funds What are federal procurement policies designed to do? - ANSWER- Promote fair and open competition What are various types of contracts and their central elements? - ANSWER- Construction manager-at-risk proposals: contractor retained to provide advise Design-build: one entity provides both design and contrcution Task-order: permits stocks of specific items (salt and sand) Professional Services contract: program management, planning studies, architectural, preliminary engineering, surveying Single-source: only available from one source
What are the dollar requirement and minimum public posting requirements for construction contracts using federal funding? - ANSWER- Exceeding $100,000 must be publicly advertised for at least 30 days 4 areas to assess when upgrading a computer system - ANSWER- Compatibility & Integration Security & Safety Scalability Usability Identify the types of cybersecurity attacks and explain how they work - ANSWER- Hacking - breaking into an individuals computer Email - powerful because everyone uses it Denial of Service - intended to disable a machine or system Malware - gain access to or cause damage Phishing - designed to steal information such as cc# or ss# Spear phishing - highly targeted Social engineering - art of human manipulation What are 3 types of insurance under the CGL? - ANSWER- Hangar Keepers Premises Liability Product Liability Identify methods to reduce risk on the airport - ANSWER- Part 139 compliance Training Risk analysis
Demand for space What are 3 approaches to leasing concession space? - ANSWER- 1. Profit margins
- Prices
- Competing concessions +/- of concessions before security - ANSWER- + Increased exposure
- Passengers want to get thru screening ASAP +/- of concessions after security - ANSWER- + Secure facilities
- Capture connecting traffic
- Higher cost What do airport use agreements do, and don't do? What is a signatory carrier and an MII clause? - ANSWER- AUA's grant operating rights to the airline. They don't necessarily guarantee service Signatory carriers make a major investment determined by the AO MII clause grant signatories some control over the airport What are the 5 steps of airport property development? - ANSWER- 1. Assess
- Market Analysis
- Develop a Pro Forma (How much you should charge)
- Construction Phase
- Operating Plan Block Grant States - ANSWER- States receive a block of AIP money for distribution to non-primary, GA and GA Reliever airports What is the purpose of the ALP? - ANSWER- Signify concurrence in the conformity of the plan to all applicable airport design standards What does the ALP do? - ANSWER- 1.Necessary to receive AIP funding
- Blueprint
- Public document
- Plan for improvements
- Working tool for staff What does the ALP not do? - ANSWER- 1. Release of federal obligations attached to the land or properties
- Approval to use land for non-aeronautical use Pages of ALP - ANSWER- Cover Sheet Existing and Future Plan Summary Data (wind, length, etc.) Facilities Layout Airspace Drawing Inner Portion of Approach Land Use Drawing Property Map When should the ALP be updated? - ANSWER- 2 - 7 years depending on the size of the airport What is the FAA criteria for approving an ALP update? - ANSWER- Existing projects cant accommodate forecasted demand Numerous "pen and ink" changes Property lines up to date and the location of all existing and proposed non- aviation areas Movement vs. Non-movement area - ANSWER- Movement area controlled by ATC (runways, taxiways, other areas) Non-movement are ramps, aircraft parking, etc. What is the AOA? - ANSWER- Security term to describe "the airfield" What is considered "substantial use"? - ANSWER- Largest plane with 500 annual itinerant operations or
Module 2 What document, that provides information to the pilot, must be updated on an annual basis? - ANSWER- Airport Facility Directory What is the NPIAS? - ANSWER- Plan that identifies 3,300+ public airports, their role, and amounts and types of airport development eligibility (AIP) What are the FAA principles related to airports? - ANSWER- Safe and efficient Affordable Flexible & Expandable Permanent Maintain a balance Support national objectives Extensive Why are state and/or regional plans conducted? - ANSWER- To form a connected system of transportation What are the steps of an airport master plan? - ANSWER- Technical Report Summary Report ALP Web Page Public Info Kit
What are the goals of public involvement and environmental reviews during the master plan update? - ANSWER- Balance the need for stakeholder involvement with the costs and time What does the existing conditions tell the airport operator? - ANSWER- Historical review of the airport and its facilities, airspace structures and NAVAIDS, land use, activity and socioeconomic factors What are the various methods of forecasting, the factors that affect the forecasts, and the forecast models - ANSWER- Factors: Economic characteristic Demographics Geographic attributes Aviation related factors Other factors Methods: Regression Analysis - ties demand to enplanements, population and income Trend Analysis and Extrapolation - Historical pattern Market Share Analysis - local forecasts represent shares of larger forecasts Smoothing - focuses on recent trends and conditions Whats the difference between Facility Requirements and the Forecasts? - ANSWER- Facility Requirements compare the current facilities to the forecasted demand of the facilities What is the function of the Facilities Implementation Plan? - ANSWER- List of potential projects to meet the Facility Requirements What is the function of the Financial Feasibility Analysis? - ANSWER- Projects the impact the projects will have on operating revenues and expenses, etc.
Rotor Diameter Describe the construction safety meeting process - ANSWER- 1. Pre- design - discuss parameters (pre-bids)
- Design
- Preconstruction - discuss phasing, security, labor, safety
- Construction
- Inspection 5 imaginary surfaces - ANSWER- PATCH
- Primary surface - centered on runway 200 ft past runway end
- Approach surface - 200 ft from the runway end outward from the primary surface up to 50,000 ft
- Transitional Surface - Extends upward at a 7:1 ration
- Conical Surface - perimeter of horizontal surface up to 4,000 ft at 20:
- Horizontal Surface - level plane at 150 ft. Difference between 7460-1 and 7460-2? - ANSWER- - 1: Notice of proposed construction or alteration
- 2: Actual Construction or alteration (popped up) What are options the FAA could take related to an identified hazard to air navigation? What wont they do? - ANSWER- FAA will request the airport or obstruction owner to remove, light, mark the hazard or relocate threshold or raise minimums 3 components of the terminal system - ANSWER- 1. Flight interface
- Passenger Processing
- Access Interface Desires related to location and design? - ANSWER- Passengers - close parking and protection from weather Airlines - short taxi distances and minimal runway crossings FAA - Terminal building not interfere Airport - Efficient HVAC, Asthetic and close business community
3 types of airports - ANSWER- 1. O/D - high percentage of local and turnaround flights
- Transfer - significant enplaned passengers transferring
- Through - HIgh originating passengers/low originating flights How much terminal space is available for rent? - ANSWER- 55% How much space is usable by concessions? - ANSWER- 15 - 25% What are the landside planning assumptions? - ANSWER- Curb length - 20 taxis, 25 private, 30 limos, 50 public bus Parking - 1,000 to 1,400 parking spaces per 1,000,000 annual originating passengers What are the 5 types of horizontal distribution models related to terminal design? - ANSWER- Simple, Linear, Concourses, Pier, Satellite Explain common use and its advantages - ANSWER- Efficient use of space, reduced expenses, reduction of ticket counters Design principles of wayfinding? - ANSWER- Location, Conspicuous, Comprehensible, Legible, Concise 3 types of FIS facilities - ANSWER- 1. Custom Accelerated Passenger Processing Service - two step, slowest
- One stop - combined steps
- Red-Green - nothing to declare proceed through Whats the FAA's position on co-located ARFF/SRE facilities? - ANSWER- Can be centralized at smaller airports due to staffing What's ADA? - ANSWER- Disabilities
What is the airport priority related to environmental compliance? - ANSWER- protecting the environment and protecting the airport and managing its liability What is a good-faith-effort? - ANSWER- Systematic program for ensuring regulatory compliance What is the best means for ensuring tenant and contractor compliance with environmental law? - ANSWER- Establish specific criteria What is EMS? - ANSWER- Environmental Management Systems serves a strategic plan for addressing environmental matters What are the air quality issues related to airport operations? - ANSWER- 25 percent of airports in nonattainment areas must conform to State Implementation Plans What is a point source? - ANSWER- A specific source of pollution that can be identified What is a non-point source? - ANSWER- storm water discharge What are the plans that help mitigate and manage water quality? - ANSWER- NPDES - regulates discharge into waste and stormwater SWPPP - requires Best-Management Practices in terms of pollutants in storm water What is a PRP and how can someone be a PRP? - ANSWER- PRP - Potentially Responsible Party if you have anything to do with a pollutant at all What is sustainability and LEEDs? - ANSWER- Sustainability - establish processes benefitting future societies LEEDs - certification levels gained through the implementation of sustainable processes Radar - ANSWER- Marco Polo
Whats the function of a transponder and what is its weakness? - ANSWER- Radio that identifies an aircraft, but it can be turned off from the plane What are the types of radar used in ATC? - ANSWER- Airport Surveillance Radar - 60 nm range (terminal) Air Route Surveillance Radar (ARSR) - 100 to 250 nm range (en route) Airport Surface Detection Equipment Precision Runway Monitoring - inbound aircraft on ILS Precision Approach Radar - military What are the NAVAIDs primarily in use in the US? - ANSWER- Non- Directional Beacon - use in bad terrain VHF Omni-directional Range - provides distance and headings What is WAAS? - ANSWER- allows Cat I ILS What is GBAS? - ANSWER- Allows Cat II and III ILS Components of ILS System - ANSWER- 1. Localizer - lateral
- Glideslope - vertical
- Marker Beacons - distance What does the Flight Service Station do? - ANSWER- Pilot briefing and weather, NOTAMs, DUATS (software) AWOS/ASOS - ANSWER- AWOS - cheaper ASOS - FAA installs Level A - major hubs Level B - smaller hubs Level C - augmented tower controllers Level D - completely automated
