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Urinary System: Kidneys, Ureters, Urethra, and Filtration Process, Quizzes of Pharmacology

Definitions and functions of key terms related to the urinary system, including the kidneys, ureters, urethra, and various processes such as filtration, tubular reabsorption, and tubular secretion. It covers the roles of structures like the renal papilla, renal columns, and the renin-angiotensin system, as well as the elimination of major nitrogenous wastes like urea, creatinine, and uric acid.

Typology: Quizzes

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Uploaded on 11/11/2014

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TERM 1
Kidneys
DEFINITION 1
filter blood and produce urine
TERM 2
Ureters
DEFINITION 2
Transport urine to urinary bladder
TERM 3
Urethra
DEFINITION 3
Tube for elimination of urine
TERM 4
Renal Papilla
DEFINITION 4
Apex or tip of renal pyramid
TERM 5
Renal columns
DEFINITION 5
Cortical tissue between pyramids
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Kidneys

filter blood and produce urine

TERM 2

Ureters

DEFINITION 2

Transport urine to urinary bladder

TERM 3

Urethra

DEFINITION 3

Tube for elimination of urine

TERM 4

Renal Papilla

DEFINITION 4

Apex or tip of renal pyramid

TERM 5

Renal columns

DEFINITION 5

Cortical tissue between pyramids

Filtration

Step 1 of urine formationfrom the glomerulus into Bowmans

Capsule

TERM 7

Tubular Reabsorption

DEFINITION 7

Step 2 of urine formationfrom renal tubules to blood

TERM 8

Tubular Secretion

DEFINITION 8

Step 3 of urine formationFrom blood into the renal tubules

TERM 9

Excretion

DEFINITION 9

Step 4 of urine formationof the final produce

TERM 10

What substances are filtered into the

bowman's capsule?

DEFINITION 10

Wastes:Organic nutrientsGlucose, amino acids, fatty acids,

vitamins creatinine

What affect would a drug have that inhibits

angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE

inhibitors)?

Decrease blood pressure

TERM 17

What are the major nitrogenous wastes

eliminated by the kidneys?

DEFINITION 17

Urea from protein metabolismCreatinine from muscle

metabolismuric acid from nucleic and acid metabolism

TERM 18

Uric acid is a metabolite of

DEFINITION 18

nucleic acid

TERM 19

Urea is formed as a result of

DEFINITION 19

protein metabolism

TERM 20

Creatinine is product of

DEFINITION 20

muscle metabolism

What 3 pressures affect filtration pressures?

Blood hydrostatic pressure ( opposes colloid osmotic and

capsular)Colloid osmotic (opposed blood hydrostatic

pressure)Capsular pressure (opposes blood hydrostatic

pressure)

TERM 22

what is filtrate?

DEFINITION 22

resulting fluid in capsular spacecontains-(wastes)urea & uric

acids-useful substances such as water, organic nutrients and

electrolytes

TERM 23

What is renal blood flow

DEFINITION 23

Amount of blood flow through kidneys in one minute

TERM 24

Glomerular filtration rate is equal

to

DEFINITION 24

The amount of filtrate formed in one minuteonly 10% of renal

blood flow becomes filtered during each passing

TERM 25

What is erythropoietin?

DEFINITION 25

Hormone that stimulates RBC formation in the bone marrow

What is the function of macula densa?

a structure that senses rapid flow of filtrate in renal tubulesit

secretes paracrine secretion to constrict afferent arterioles

to reduced GFR (glomerular filtration)-Negative feedback

TERM 32

The sympathetic nervouse system _____

glomerular filtration rate

DEFINITION 32

Sympathetic decreases glomerular filtration rate

TERM 33

Kidney's secrete renin when BP is increased

of Decreased?

DEFINITION 33

Decreased

TERM 34

Renin and angotensinogen combine to create

DEFINITION 34

Angiotensin I

TERM 35

What are the affects of angitensinin

II

DEFINITION 35

-stimulates thirst-causes vasocontriction-causes adrenal

gland to secrete aldasterone

Aldosterone causes the kidney to...

absorb sodium

TERM 37

What hormone causes vasoconstriction in

both the afferent and efferent arterioles?

DEFINITION 37

angiotensin II

TERM 38

How does angiotensin II affect

urine?

DEFINITION 38

It decreases the urine volume

TERM 39

How does angiotensin II affect blood

volume?

DEFINITION 39

It increases the blood volume by decreases the amount of

urine the is excreted

TERM 40

To form angiotensin II angiotensin I needs to

be converted by....

DEFINITION 40

ACEAngiotensin converting enzyme

How much reabsorption occurs in the

proximal convoluted tubulles?

65% of H20 is reabsorbed

TERM 47

How much reabsorption occurs in the

descending limbs of HEnle?

DEFINITION 47

15% of water is reabsorbed in the

TERM 48

How much reabsorption occurs in the

ascending limb of henle?

DEFINITION 48

ZERO!

TERM 49

How much reabsoprtion occurs in the distal

convoluted tubules?

DEFINITION 49

10% of water is reabsorbed

TERM 50

How much reabsorption occurs in the

collecting duct?

DEFINITION 50

10% of water is reabsorbed in the collecting duct

During dehydration (Water loss) the

hypothalamus produces which hormone?

ADHanti-diuretic hormone

TERM 52

ADH acts upon the

DEFINITION 52

Distal tubule and the collecting ducts making the collecting

ducts more permeable to water

TERM 53

Where is aldosterone released from?

DEFINITION 53

The adrenal cortex

TERM 54

What does aldosterone

do?

DEFINITION 54

increases salt and water reabsorption creating a more

concentrate urine (dark yellow urine)

TERM 55

When does the hypothalamus stop producing

ADH?

DEFINITION 55

When water gain exceeds water loss (hydration)

What is uninhibited neurogenic bladder?

Loss of inhibitory signals to the bladder promote frequent

urination

TERM 62

What is central diabetes insipidus

DEFINITION 62

Failure of posterior pituitary to produce or release ADH

TERM 63

Nephrogenic Diabetes insipidus

DEFINITION 63

inability of kidney tubules to responds to ADH stimulation

TERM 64

Azotemia/Uremia

DEFINITION 64

Retention of water, electrolytes, and wastes in the blood

TERM 65

What is nephrotic syndrome?

DEFINITION 65

glomeruls becomes some permeable that proteins are now

excreted in the urine

Dilation of afferent arterioles and constriction

of efferent arteriole will ___ GFR

increaseglomerular filtration

TERM 67

Constriction of afferent arterioles and dilation

of efferent arterioles will ____ GFR

DEFINITION 67

decreaseglomerular filtration