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Designing a Passive House in Arid Climate - Jørn Utzon Inspired, Study Guides, Projects, Research of Architecture

A university project for arch 345 architecture design and technology ii at wentworth institute of technology. Students are tasked with designing a house on a 2,500 sq ft urban plot in an american city with a hot-arid climate, inspired by jørn utzon's approach to respecting individual privacy and community character. The house should accommodate a family, a home-office, parking, and various living spaces, while considering passive systems, courtyard houses, and the arid climate. Students must submit schemes and refined drawings throughout the semester, with a final review in march.

Typology: Study Guides, Projects, Research

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Uploaded on 08/18/2009

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ARCH 345 Architecture Design and Technology II
Wentworth Institu te of Technolog y
Department of Architecture
Spring 2005
“By looking at how people lived, I quickly discovered that all the small gardens were filled wi th tool sheds
and hobby sheds, and old cars stood there and pleasure crafts, etc. So I designed a town plan and a house
type that accepted that, within their own area, people could do as they pleased in their leisure time without
upsetting their neighbors and without having an y special easement. Such a house and such a town plan
respected this assuming the individual right to enjoy private life; but at the same time the re sulting part of the
town was then to have a common character as seen from outside so that it became a small community.”
Jørn Utzon, Houses for Skane (A southern province of Sweden),1953
PROJECT 2: A House (Passive Syste ms)
Exercise
Design a house, to be constructed on an imaginary plot of land, located on an urban corner block in an
American city with a hot-arid climate and latitude of 33 degrees. The lot’s area is 2,500 squ are feet, with
dimensions of fifty by fifty feet. The lot opens to the street on two sides, and is enclosed on the remaining
two sides by eight-foot high masonry walls belonging to the neigh boring houses. To the south there is a 30-
foot high tree. In the summer months, a prevailing cooler breeze comes from the mountains to the north. See
the attached diagram for more information.
Premises
According to zoning guidelines, the house’s max imum footprint is 45% of the lot. It is possible to excavate to
a maximum of ten (10) feet below ground and to construct to a height of twenty (20) feet above the street
level.
According to the site and the program, it is imp ortant to consider the positions of the party walls as
opportunities for the design. The house should also take advantage of vertical relationships between
superimposed plans with double- or triple-height spaces and the potential of interior courtyards for
illumination, ventilation, and recreation. The intention is to give spatial consistency to the projec t, while also
developing ideas about controlling the elements.
Program
The following elements should be accommoda ted in each design:
The house for a family co mposed of two parents with one young da ughter and son. One parent is a writer
who needs a home-office of 400 square feet con taining a library of eight hundred (800) books. It is
desirable to have an independent access this study-office.
The house must have a covered place for an automobile and a parking spot for one motorcycle.
Vestibule and closet
Half bathroom for visito rs
Living room
Dining room
Kitchen
Pantry
Laundry room
Master bedroom with bath room
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ARCH 345 Architecture Design and Technology II

Wentworth Institute of Technology Department of Architecture Spring 2005 “By looking at how people lived, I quickly discovered that all the small gardens were filled with tool sheds and hobby sheds, and old cars stood there and pleasure crafts, etc. So I designed a town plan and a house type that accepted that, within their own area, people could do as they pleased in their leisure time without upsetting their neighbors and without having any special easement. Such a house and such a town plan respected this assuming the individual right to enjoy private life; but at the same time the resulting part of the town was then to have a common character as seen from outside so that it became a small community.” Jørn Utzon, Houses for Skane (A southern province of Sweden), PROJECT 2: A House (Passive Systems) Exercise Design a house, to be constructed on an imaginary plot of land, located on an urban corner block in an American city with a hot-arid climate and latitude of 33 degrees. The lot’s area is 2,500 square feet, with dimensions of fifty by fifty feet. The lot opens to the street on two sides, and is enclosed on the remaining two sides by eight-foot high masonry walls belonging to the neighboring houses. To the south there is a 30- foot high tree. In the summer months, a prevailing cooler breeze comes from the mountains to the north. See the attached diagram for more information. Premises According to zoning guidelines, the house’s maximum footprint is 45% of the lot. It is possible to excavate to a maximum of ten (10) feet below ground and to construct to a height of twenty (20) feet above the street level. According to the site and the program, it is important to consider the positions of the party walls as opportunities for the design. The house should also take advantage of vertical relationships between superimposed plans with double- or triple-height spaces and the potential of interior courtyards for illumination, ventilation, and recreation. The intention is to give spatial consistency to the project, while also developing ideas about controlling the elements. Program The following elements should be accommodated in each design:

  • The house for a family composed of two parents with one young daughter and son. One parent is a writer who needs a home-office of 400 square feet containing a library of eight hundred (800) books. It is desirable to have an independent access this study-office.
  • The house must have a covered place for an automobile and a parking spot for one motorcycle.
  • Vestibule and closet
  • Half bathroom for visitors
  • Living room
  • Dining room
  • Kitchen
  • Pantry
  • Laundry room
  • Master bedroom with bathroom

ARCH 345 Architecture Design and Technology II

Wentworth Institute of Technology Department of Architecture Spring 2005

  • Dressing room
  • Two bedrooms for the children with one bathroom
  • Pool (reflecting or swimming)
  • Gardens (herb and/or flower) Considerations The house should engage some of the issues that have been discussed in the lecture course regarding passive systems, the concept of the courtyard house, and the case studies you have analyzed. Remember to consider the climate, which is arid and hot year-round. The clients do not wish to use air conditioning, so you must consider the climate carefully through your design decisions. Your choices of orientation, ventilation, openings, and materials should both respond to the environment and evolve into creative ways to develop your design. Consider how the building meets the ground, air, and sun. Consult information in the appendix of your Materials and Methods II book, Brown and DeKay, Sun, Wind & Light. Pay careful attention to the following issues in relation to your conceptual approach:
  • Natural cross ventilation techniques as they relate to the house’s spatial continuities
  • Material selections, such as thick materials that absorb heat
  • Screens, brises-soleil, sun shelves, and other solar control devices
  • Water and vegetation as cooling elements Schedule Assignments are due on the dates noted below. February 28 Case study review, assign courtyard house March 2 Complete TWO schemes in 1/8-inch models (with context) and hand-drawn diagrams on trace (sections, plans, axon, sketch perspectives of major spaces) March 4 Develop a single scheme in 1/8- or 1/4-inch model and more refined hand drawings on trace March 7- 11 Spring break, no design work is assigned so that you may complete your portfolios March 14- 25 Assignments to be announced by instructor March 30 Courtyard house final review