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Confidence Intervals and Hypothesis Testing: Calculation and Interpretation, Study notes of Computational and Statistical Data Analysis

The calculations and interpretations of 95% confidence intervals and hypothesis testing using z-values and Student's t-distributions for a given dataset. It covers formal test, t-test, and Monte Carlo methods.

What you will learn

  • What is the 95% confidence interval for the mean of a given dataset?
  • What is the difference between z-distribution and Student's t-distribution in hypothesis testing?
  • How to calculate the t-values for a 95% confidence interval in a t-test?

Typology: Study notes

2021/2022

Uploaded on 09/27/2022

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95% confidence interval
between
z-value at p-value = 0.025
and
z-value at p-value = 0.975
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95% confidence interval

between z-value at p-value = 0. and z-value at p-value = 0.

95% confidence interval

between z-value at p-value = 0.025 −1. and z-value at p-value = 0.975 +1.

95% confidence interval of mean

Formal test set = { 0.33, 0.4, 0.3, 0.3, 0.45 } N = number in set = 5 95% conf. int. = ± 1.96 × stdv / sqrt(N) = ± 1.96 × 0.666 / sqrt(5) mean = 0.356 ± 0. 95% probability true mean is between 0.298 and 0.

Student’s t-distribution

between t-value at p-value = 0.025 −2. and t-value at p-value = 0.975 +2. degrees of freedom = N – 1 = 4

95% confidence interval of mean

Monte Carlo value at 0.025 0. value at 0.975 0. 95% probability true mean is between 0.306 and 0. mean = 0.356 – 0. 0.356 + 0.