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Material Type: Exam; Professor: Adams; Class: BIOC & MOL BIOL II; Subject: Biochemistry and Molecular Biology; University: University of Georgia; Term: Spring 2012;
Typology: Exams
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Last 4-digit 810: 1 Biochemistry 4020/ Second Examination, March 1, 2013 1.25 - 2.15 pm, C127, Life Sciences This examination represents 20% of the final grade. Answer all four questions. The number of total points = 100. The value for each question is given in parenthesis. Question 1. Fatty acid biosynthesis takes place in the cytoplasm but the carbon is provided by the mitochondria. Draw a cycle to show how carbon is transported out of, and back into, the mitochondria while supplying the carbon for fatty acids (give the names of metabolites but structures and enzymes are not required) (14). How does glucose feed into this cycle (2)? What is the name of the key ATP-dependent enzyme that generates acetyl CoA for fatty acid synthesis (2)? Draw the structures of the carbon substrate and products of this enzyme (2). ( 20 pts total ) Question 2. You are starving. With the help of a diagram, explain how glucagon enables triacylgycerides to be used as an energy source while preventing the synthesis of fatty acids (16). With the help of dotted or dashed lines and arrows on your diagram, show how insulin has the opposite effect (6). Briefly describe the roles of malonyl CoA in fatty acid biosynthesis both as a pathway intermediate and as a regulatory molecule (4). (26 pts total) Question 3. Draw the oxidative branch of the pentose phosphate pathway (enzymes and structures are required) (12)? Which metabolites regulate the activity of this pathway, how do they accomplish this, and why (8)? What are the two main functions of the pentose phosphate pathway and how are these functions achieved at the same time (the name(s) of enzyme(s) and structures of all additional substrates/products are required) (8). (28 pts total) Question 4. The β-oxidation pathway oxidizes the CoA-derivatives of saturated Cn fatty acids, where n is even, to acetyl CoA, which then enters the TCA cycle. What additional enzymes (and include structures of their substrates and products) are required to metabolize Cn acyl CoAs when n is odd? Use heptadecanoic acid (C17:0) to answer this question (14). What additional enzyme (and include structures of its substrate and product) is required to metabolize unsaturated fatty acyl CoAs? Use oleic acid (C18:1, cis Δ 9 ) to answer this question (12). ( 26 pts total )
Last 4-digit 810: 2 Biochemistry 4020/ Second Examination, March 2, 2012 1.25 - 2.15 pm, C127, Life Sciences This examination represents 20% of the final grade. Answer all four questions. The number of total points = 100. The value for each question is given in parenthesis.