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Avery, McCarty, and MacLeod's Experiment: Nonlethal Bacteria Transformed, Exams of Genetics

In the 1940s, Avery, McCarty, and MacLeod conducted an experiment to explain why heat-killed lethal bacteria could transform nonlethal bacteria into lethal ones. They destroyed the protein and DNA in separate parts of the heat-killed bacteria and mixed each part with nonlethal bacteria. The mice injected with the DNA-free sample lived, while those injected with the protein-free sample died. This experiment provided evidence for the role of DNA in heredity.

What you will learn

  • What caused the nonlethal bacteria to become lethal?
  • What was the outcome of the experiment when the heat-killed lethal bacteria were mixed with nonlethal bacteria?
  • What role did protein and DNA play in the experiment?

Typology: Exams

2021/2022

Uploaded on 09/27/2022

amoda
amoda 🇺🇸

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August 30, 2013
Avery, McCarty, and MacLeod were giants in the field of genetics
research. In the 1940s, they tried to explain a strange phenomena: When
they killed lethal (deadly) strep bacteria and mixed them with nonlethal
strep bacteria, the nonlethal strain became deadly. And this now-deadly
strain had offspring that were all lethal as well. What substance changed
the nonlethal bacteria into lethal bacteria?
Avery, McCarty, and MacLeod carried out the following experiment: They
heat-killed a sample of lethal bacteria, then divided it into 2 parts. In one
of the parts, they destroyed all the protein. In the other, they destroyed all
the DNA. Then they mixed each part with nonlethal bacteria and injected
the samples into mice. The mice injected with the protein-free sample died.
The mice injected with the DNA-free sample lived
1. What question were they testing?
2. What was the independent variable?
3. What was the dependent variable?
4. What variables did they need to control in the experiment?
5. What could they infer/conclude from their result?
(en.wikipedia.org)
key: ! = nonlethal bacteria
n=bacteria
= killed lethal bacteria without DNA
u = killed lethal bacteria without protein
pf3
pf4
pf5

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Avery, McCarty, and MacLeod were giants in the field of genetics research. In the 1940 s, they tried to explain a strange phenomena: When they killed lethal (deadly) strep bacteria and mixed them with nonlethal strep bacteria, the nonlethal strain became deadly. And this now-deadly strain had offspring that were all lethal as well. What substance changed the nonlethal bacteria into lethal bacteria? Avery, McCarty, and MacLeod carried out the following experiment: They heat-killed a sample of lethal bacteria, then divided it into 2 parts. In one of the parts, they destroyed all the protein. In the other, they destroyed all the DNA. Then they mixed each part with nonlethal bacteria and injected the samples into mice. The mice injected with the protein-free sample died. The mice injected with the DNA-free sample lived

  1. What question were they testing?
  2. What was the independent variable?
  3. What was the dependent variable?
  4. What variables did they need to control in the experiment?
  5. What could they infer/conclude from their result? (en.wikipedia.org) key: Ÿ = nonlethal bacteria n=bacteria ★= killed lethal bacteria without DNA u = killed lethal bacteria without protein

8 / 30 discussing "mouse" handout on Avery, McCarty, & MacLeod

8 / 30 discussing "mouse" handout on Avery, McCarty, & MacLeod