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6552 ADVANCED NURSE PRACTICE IN REPRODUCTIVE
HEALTH CARE EXAM QUESTIONS LATEST UPDATE
COMPLETELY SOLVED
feminist perspective - CORRECT ANSWER-A perspective that acknowledges the oppression of women within a patriarchal society that also struggles toward the elimination of sexist oppression and the domination of all human beings. Alcohol Consumption and Women Recommended daily intake limit? Possible Risks? - CORRECT ANSWER-Alcohol is hazardous for a woman who has either more than 7 drinks per week or more than 3 drinks per day. This amount put's women at risk for developing AUD (Alcohol Dependance Disorder). #Alcoholism Tanner Stages - CORRECT ANSWER-A scale used to assess the sexual maturity and puberty in both sexes. This scale involves 5 stages that involve development of breast and public hair growth and divides sexual physical maturity that extend from adolescence into adult hood. Tanner Scale Stage One - CORRECT ANSWER-Stage one: small nipples no breast, no pubic hair, no signs of puberty scrotum, testes, and penis are the same as in childhood Tanner Scale Stage Two - CORRECT ANSWER-Stage two: Breasts and nipples have just started to grow, the areola has become larger, breast tissue bud feels firm behind the nipple, initial growth of pubic hair that is light in color and not curled. 6552 Advanced Nurse Practice in Reproductive Health Care exam questions latest
Initial growth of scrotum and testes. The skin on the scrotum has become redder, thinner, and more wrinkled. The penis may have grown a little in length. Few hairs around the root of the penis. the hairs are straight without curls, and light in color. Tanner Scale Stage Three - CORRECT ANSWER-Stage Three: breasts and nipples have grown additionally. The aureola is darker and the breasts tissue buds have gotten larger. The public hair is more widespread. The hair is darker, and curls may have appeared. the penis has now grown into length. Scrotum and testes have grown. The skin of the scrotum has become darker and more wrinkled. Tanner Scale Stage Four - CORRECT ANSWER-Nipples and aerolas are elevated and form an edge towards the breast. The breast has also grown a little larger. More dense pubic hair growth with curls and dark hair. Still not entirely as an adult womens. the penis has grown in both length and width. The head of the penis has become larger. The scrotum and testes have grown more dense curly and dark hair. the hair growth is reaching the inner thighs. Tanner Scale Stage Five - CORRECT ANSWER-Fully developed breasts. Nipples are protruding. the edge between aerola and breast has disappeared. Adult hair growth.. Dense curly hair extending towards the inner thighs. Penis and scrotum as an adult. Public hair extends upwards up to the umbilicus. It is dense and curly. 6552 Advanced Nurse Practice in Reproductive Health Care exam questions latest
Smoking Obesity High Blood Pressure Women's Health Statistics What is the leading cause of death in females of all races and all origins? - CORRECT ANSWER-Heart disease (21.8%), Cancer (20.7%), and Chronic Lower Respiratory Disease (6.2%). Women Health Statistics-What is the most common gynecological cancer in the U.S.? - CORRECT ANSWER-Uterine cancer Women's Health Statistics What gynecologic cancer in women causes the most deaths? - CORRECT ANSWER- Ovarian Cancer Women's Health Statistics What gynecological cancer is the MOST preventable? - CORRECT ANSWER- Cervical cancer used to be the leading cause of cancer in women however due to regular pap testing cervical cancer has decreased significantly. Cervical cancer is also the MOST PREVENTABLE and the ONLY gynecological cancer with a screening test and a vaccine List all of the possible gynecological cancers for women? - CORRECT ANSWER- Uterine, Ovarian, Cervical, Vaginal and Vulvar. 6552 Advanced Nurse Practice in Reproductive Health Care exam questions latest
The HPV vaccination protects against the types of HPV that most often cause cervical, vaginal, and vulvar cancers. Recommended for pre teens ages 11-12 but can be given as early as 9 until age 26 ( this range will likely be on test but as of 2020 that range has been extended until the age of 40). What are the advantages of taking an oral contraceptive for more than five years?
- CORRECT ANSWER-Ovarian and endometrial cancers decrease by 40-50% What are the disadvantages of taking an oral contraceptive for more than five years? - CORRECT ANSWER-Increases risk of breast and cervical cancers, even tho it lowers risk of ovarian and endometrial. Unintended pregnancy Statistics - CORRECT ANSWER-Unintended pregnancy rates per 1,000 women were highest among women who are
- 18-24 years old
- Low income, < 100% of federal poverty level
- Had never completed high school
- Were Non-hispanic black or african american
- Were cohabiting but never married. Most unintended pregnancies result from not using contraception consistently or correctly or at al. Cultural Perspective of Women - CORRECT ANSWER-To create a culture in health care settings where providers must educate themselves about the health needs and concerns of the population and create environments that are welcoming, 6552 Advanced Nurse Practice in Reproductive Health Care exam questions latest
The revised UCR definition of rape is: Penetration, no matter how slight, of the vagina or anus with any body part or object, or oral penetration by a sex organ of another person, without the consent of the victim. Genital Trauma and Rape Statistics - CORRECT ANSWER-1 in 5 women have been raped at one point in there life. Victims of rape are less likely to report their perpetrator if they know the person 80% of assaults are either a former partner, friend, family, member or acquaintance Evidentiary Examination of a Rape Victim - CORRECT ANSWER-A evidentiary collection kit should be used and instructions on how to collect, preserve, seal, and store samples should be followed. Collection should be done AFTER inspection of the area and prior to palpitation or physical manipulation of the area. STD possibility should be treated prophylactically even if tested negative, pregnancy test should be given and emergency contraception may be given up to 120 HOURS OF THE ASSAULT (A SINGLE DOSE OF LEVONORGESTREL (PLAN B) 1. MG. What does the Pneumonic EMPOWER stand for? - CORRECT ANSWER-It is used for intimate partner violence and stands for... Empathetic listening Making time to properly document findings Provide information about domestic violence Offering options and choices Working with a domestic abuse specialist Encouraging the planning for safety and support Referring to local services 6552 Advanced Nurse Practice in Reproductive Health Care exam questions latest
Gravida Para Abortus system GTPAL - CORRECT ANSWER-Gravidity= the number of pregnancies Para= deliveries aka same thing as term; Ex. G2P1 1 abortion LC 1 vaginal birth Term: Term deliveries (38 weeks or more) Preterm: deliveries up to 37 weeks Abortus/Miscarriages : Abortion (surgical or miscarriage) LC=Living Children P: Para= number of births of viable offspring Healthy People 2020 who they are and why they are important - CORRECT ANSWER-Devised using a framework that focuses on determinants of health with an extra focus on social determinants (Personal, social, economic). Healthy people focus areas include...
- Cancer
- HIV
- LBGQT health second definition from the CDC's website on healthy people 2020 objectives provides science-based, 10-year national objectives for improving the health of all Americans. Healthy People has established benchmarks and monitored progress over time in order to encourage collaborations across communities and sectors; empower individuals toward making informed health decisions; measure impact of prevention activities. 6552 Advanced Nurse Practice in Reproductive Health Care exam questions latest
30-39= obese
40 extreme obese Screening for Thyroid Dysfunction - CORRECT ANSWER-TSH screening in all adults ages 35 and repeated tests every 5 years thereafter. If s/s of thyroid problems screened again and if abnormal screenings should be done yearly. Pregnant women should have TSH measured immediately after becoming pregnant goal TSH levels 2.5-3.5. (Women who are pregnant should only use levothyroxine alone and not combined with any other medications for the thyroid especially liothyronin (triostat). Screening for Rubella Immunity - CORRECT ANSWER-A rubella blood test looks for IgG antibodies made by the immune system and will stay in the blood stream for years. The IgG antibodies are produced by the immune system in response to a recent infection, a past infection, or that you have received the vaccine. Women who do contract rubella when they are pregnant are at risk for miscarriage, still birth, and fetal defects with the most common birth defect being DEAFNESS Osteoporosis screening, risk factors, how to measure risk, the name of the screening test - CORRECT ANSWER-The USPSTF recommends screening for osteoporosis with bone measurement testing to prevent osteoporotic fractures in women 65 years and older. Those at risk should be screened at age 60 Risk Factors include...
- postmenopausal women younger than the age of 65 with atleast one risk factor
- parental history of hip fracture
- smoking 6552 Advanced Nurse Practice in Reproductive Health Care exam questions latest
- excess alcohol consumption
- low body weight. Best way to measure risk is to use a clinical risk assessment tool. Several tools are available to assess osteoporosis risk, such as OST, ORAI, OSIRIS, SCORE, and FRAX. SCREENING The most commonly used test is central DXA of the hip and lumbar spine this provides measurement of bone mineral density, and most treatment guidelines use central DXA to define osteoporosis and the treatment threshold to prevent osteoporotic fractures. Other screening tests include peripheral DXA and quantitative ultrasound. The U.S. Food and Drug Administration has approved multiple drug therapies to reduce osteoporotic fractures, including bisphosphonates, parathyroid hormone, raloxifene, and estrogen. The choice of therapy should be an individual one based on the patient's clinical situation and the trade-off between benefits and harms. Other relevant USPSTF recommendations The USPSTF has made recommendations on interventions to prevent falls in community-dwelling older adults and the use of vitamin D, calcium, or combined supplementation for the primary prevention of fractures in community-dwelling adults. Screening for Cardiovascular Disease - CORRECT ANSWER-Blood pressure screening at each health care visit and once a year if low bp. Cholesterol checked every 4-6 years for normal risk if elevated than yearly BMI yearly at annual well visit 6552 Advanced Nurse Practice in Reproductive Health Care exam questions latest
Screening is recommended for type 2 diabetes because reliable tests are available, and lifestyle changes and medications reduce progression and adverse sequelae of the disease, even in persons who are initially asymptomatic. Diabetes in women (pregnant and nonpregnant) - CORRECT ANSWER-(USPSTF) recently updated recommendations and suggests screening individuals 40 to 70 years of age who are overweight or obese. Persons with abnormal results should be referred for intensive behavioral counseling interventions focusing on physical activity and a healthy diet. Clinicians should consider screening certain individuals at higher risk. repeat screening every 3 years and a fasting blood glucose yearly. PREGNANT WOMEN-Glucose test is done between 24-28 weeks. The test may be performed earlier if high glucose levels are in the urine or if they had Gestational DM in previous pregnancies. CERVICAL CANCER AND SCREENING - CORRECT ANSWER-Pap-test 21-65 (cervical cancer screen) New screening interval was recently updated from annually to once every three years if normal Co-testing with HPV via PAP every 5 years for ages 30-65. Colorectal Cancer Screening - CORRECT ANSWER-USPSTF recommends screening all adults ages 5-75 years old. Early screening in women if a first degree relative had colorectal cancer at a young age. If they have inflammatory bowel disease, or rare genetics such as familial adenomatous polyposis or nonpolypous Use of the Rectovaginal examination - CORRECT ANSWER-perform with the patient laying in a supine lithotomy position (lithotomy means with legs up in stirrups). Used in a person who has a retroflexed or retroverted uterus. allows 6552 Advanced Nurse Practice in Reproductive Health Care exam questions latest
palpitation to depth of 2.5 cm's more than transvaginal ultrasound. This is very uncomfortablly and usually omitted unless very necessary. Types and Sizes of speculums - CORRECT ANSWER-There are three main types of cervical speculum: pediatric, Pederson and Graves. They come in plastic and medal. The Pediatric Speculum (smallest most narrow) Shorter in length, the pediatric speculum is intended for use in patients who have never had sexual intercourse and therefore have narrower vaginal canals The Pederson Speculum Flat and narrow, the Pederson speculum is a vaginal speculum used during OB/GYN examinations when women have narrow vaginal canals. This condition can be caused by traumatic injuries and the resulting scar tissue, but is also found in elderly women and women who have never had sexual intercourse. Using this narrow speculum type can eliminate some of the discomfort of a pelvic exam. (also used in menopausal women, transgender men on testostrone, transgender women with neovagina. The Graves Speculum (resembles a ducks mouth in appearance) The Graves speculum is the most common variety used by OB/GYNs. This vaginal speculum is commonly available in multiple sizes: small, medium and large. Used in Sexually Active Women. Normal vs Abnormal Pap smears - CORRECT ANSWER-checks for cervical intraepithelial neoplasia. Normal results show negative for cell changes to cervix. Abnormal shows positive for cell changes to cervix 6552 Advanced Nurse Practice in Reproductive Health Care exam questions latest
Pregnancy
- Weight gain, cold intolerance, constipation, fatigue? think..... Hypothyroidism 4.Weight loss, sweating, palpitations?..... Hyperthyroidism 5.Easy bruising, tendency to bleed? think... Coagulopathy
- Jaundice, history of hepatitis? Think... Liver disease
- Hirsutism, acne, acanthosis nigricans, obesity? Think Polycystic ovary syndrome
- Postcoital bleeding (spotting or bleeding after intercourse unrelated to menstrual cycle)? Think... Cervical dysplasia, endocervical polyps 9.Galactorrhea, headache, visual-field disturbance?Think Pituitary adenoma
- Weight loss, excessive exercise, stress? Think Hypothalamic suppression
- Thyromegaly, weight gain, edema? Hypothyroidism
- Thyroid tenderness, tachycardia, weight loss, velvety skin? Think... Hyperthyroidism
- Bruising, jaundice, hepatomegaly? Think.. Liver disease
- Enlarged uterus? 6552 Advanced Nurse Practice in Reproductive Health Care exam questions latest
Pregnancy, leiomyoma, uter Uterine Adenomyosis - CORRECT ANSWER-endometerial glnds within the myometrium --> suspect in a multiparous woman who is more than 40 years old presenting with menorrhagia (heavy bleeding) and dysmenorrhea (painful cramps), chronic pelvic pain. The uterus will be tender to palpation during pelvic exam and the uterus is usually enlarged. Definitive diagnosis requires histological analysis of a hysterectomy specimen, but can diagnose based on transvaginal ultrasound TX: Hysterectomy or uterine artery embolization (if further children are not desired) or if a women desires childen she could benefit from hormonal medications for symptom relief such as LEVONORGESTREL-RELEASING IUD OR ORAL DIENOGEST Uterine Fibroids - CORRECT ANSWER-Most common pelvic tumor in women after age 50. 80% in AA women, 70% in white women). Fibroids are benign monoclonal tumors arising from the smooth muscle cells of the myometrium described by their location in the uterus (submucosal, intramural, subseroal, cervical). ****Intramural fibroids grow within the muscular uterine wall. Submucosal fibroids bulge into the uterine cavity. Subserosal fibroids project to the outside of the uterus. Somesubmucosal or subserosal fibroids may be pedunculated — hanging from a stalk inside or outside the uterus.**** S/S: Abnormal uterine bleeding, pelvic pressure and pain, reproductive dysfunction dx: Transvaginal ultrasound 6552 Advanced Nurse Practice in Reproductive Health Care exam questions latest
LAB: Does not cause lab abnormalities. Imaging will show endometriomas deep nodules of the rectovaginal septum and bladder detrusor and is staged based on severity. Definitive diagnosis is made by biopsy and tissue histology to establish a true diagnosis and rule out other causes 6552 Advanced Nurse Practice in Reproductive Health Care exam questions latest
