64 Multiple Choice Questions Study Guide - Sociology | SOCI 1101 | Study notes Introduction to Sociology

Macionis 9e

Watts Warren

SOCI 1101

EXAM #3

STUDY GUIDE

Format: Multiple Choice – Approximately 65 questions.

I will not have questions on all of the following, but will select from those below. The

items below preceded by [T] represent material I did not discuss in lectures and,

therefore, can be found in the text. However, you should read your text in its entirety

because your text takes you to the “neighborhood” and your lecture notes lets you see

inside some homes more clearly. For those questions you may not know, you improve

your odds when you’re acquainted with the neighborhood!!

TOPIC 6: DEVIANCE (Chp. 7)

1. How does crime differ from deviance? Be able to identify examples of each.

2. What are defining characteristics of the absolutist, normative, and reactive views

of deviance? Be able to identify examples of each.

3. What’s the role of biology in explaining deviance and crime? What is a remnant

of the thinking of Lombroso’s Born Criminal theory still noted today?

4. According to Durkheim, what functions does deviance serve? Be able to identify

examples of each function.

5. Specifically, how do these theories explain deviance: Containment, Strain,

Labeling, Differential Association, and Control Theories. Be prepared to identify

an example of each.

6. [T] Be able to identify examples of the four (4) adaptations identified in Merton’s

Strain Theory. What is the modification of strain suggested by Cloward and

Ohlin?

7. In Becker’s labeling theory, what’s the difference between primary and

secondary deviance? Why is the latter so important?

8. Be able to identify an explanation of crime/deviance from structural-

functionalism, symbolic- interactionism, and social conflict perspectives. What is

the crack/powder cocaine controversy about?

9. [T] Using a Marxist approach, what are Steven Spitzer’s claims about crime?

10. What do crime rates measure? Differentiate between the following types of

crimes: crimes against persons, crimes against property, and crimes against

moral order.

11. What is the difference between white collar crime and corporate crime? Be able

to identify examples of each. Which types of crimes does the FBI keep data on?

12. In terms of basic crime patterns: What types of offenses occur the most and

least, and by region (street crime)? Who is the typical offender? Why is the term

disproportionately involved sociologically relevant?

13. Be able to recognize current crime trends (street)

TOPIC 7: SOCIAL STRATIFICATION (Chp. 8)

14. What is social stratification? What are the four basic characteristics of

stratification? What are distinguishing characteristics of caste and class systems?

15. What is the role of ideology in systems of stratification? Be able to recognize

examples of ideology in justifying social welfare policies.

16. Differentiate among these dimensions of stratification: wealth, income, social

power, prestige, and life chances.

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Macionis 9e Watts Warren

SOCI 1101 EXAM # STUDY GUIDE

Format: Multiple Choice – Approximately 65 questions. I will not have questions on all of the following, but will select from those below. The items below preceded by [ T ] represent material I did not discuss in lectures and, therefore, can be found in the text. However, you should read your text in its entirety because your text takes you to the “neighborhood” and your lecture notes lets you see inside some homes more clearly. For those questions you may not know, you improve your odds when you’re acquainted with the neighborhood!!

TOPIC 6: DEVIANCE (Chp. 7)

How does crime differ from deviance? Be able to identify examples of each.
What are defining characteristics of the absolutist, normative, and reactive views of deviance? Be able to identify examples of each.
What’s the role of biology in explaining deviance and crime? What is a remnant of the thinking of Lombroso’s Born Criminal theory still noted today?
According to Durkheim, what functions does deviance serve? Be able to identify examples of each function.
Specifically, how do these theories explain deviance: Containment, Strain, Labeling, Differential Association, and Control Theories. Be prepared to identify an example of each.
[ T ] Be able to identify examples of the four (4) adaptations identified in Merton’s Strain Theory. What is the modification of strain suggested by Cloward and Ohlin?
In Becker’s labeling theory, what’s the difference between primary and secondary deviance? Why is the latter so important?
Be able to identify an explanation of crime/deviance from structural- functionalism, symbolic- interactionism, and social conflict perspectives. What is the crack/powder cocaine controversy about?
[ T ] Using a Marxist approach, what are Steven Spitzer’s claims about crime?
What do crime rates measure? Differentiate between the following types of crimes: crimes against persons, crimes against property, and crimes against moral order.
What is the difference between white collar crime and corporate crime? Be able to identify examples of each. Which types of crimes does the FBI keep data on?
In terms of basic crime patterns: What types of offenses occur the most and least, and by region (street crime)? Who is the typical offender? Why is the term disproportionately involved sociologically relevant?
Be able to recognize current crime trends (street)

TOPIC 7: SOCIAL STRATIFICATION (Chp. 8)

What is social stratification? What are the four basic characteristics of stratification? What are distinguishing characteristics of caste and class systems?
What is the role of ideology in systems of stratification? Be able to recognize examples of ideology in justifying social welfare policies.
Differentiate among these dimensions of stratification: wealth, income, social power, prestige, and life chances.

[T ] What is the Davis-Moore thesis? According to Tumin, how is inequality dysfunctional to society?
[ T ] Why does stratification exist according to the social conflict model (Marx)? How does Weber modify the insights of Marx?
In terms of social classes in the U.S., what are the social characteristics of the upper class, middle class, working class, and lower class?
What are quintiles? How do you describe the social mobility of the quintiles reflected in the tables presented in class (1960 – 2002) as well as in your chapter (Fig. 8-4), 1980 and 2005?
What general conclusion is formed by studying social mobility in the U.S. since 1970s?
To what period does the term “all ships rising” refer to? Why?
What are factors in upper class mobility and the shrinking middle class?
[ T ] What does the term globalization of the economy refer to? This process has hurt which category of the U.S. population the most?
What is the definition of poverty and how many people fall below the official poverty line in the U.S.?
Identify the demographics of poverty using the following variables: age, race/ethnicity, gender and family patterns, residence (urban/rural, geographical location). What does the feminization of poverty mean?
Identify two explanations of poverty, how they differ, and examples of: culture of poverty thesis (Lewis); structural thesis (Wilson).
What percent of the federal budget is allocated to welfare (or TANF)?

TOPIC 8: GENDER STRATIFICATION ( Chp. 10)

What is the goal of female genital mutilation and approximately how many are performed each year across the globe?
How do these terms differ from each other: sex, gender, transsexual, transgendered, and intersexed? What makes gender a social construction?
Be able to define gender stratification?
In what important ways do the Arapesh, Mundugumor, and Tchambuli differ? What conclusions can be drawn re: gender roles after reading Mead?
What is the term for male privilege? What are prominent sources of gender stratification and maintenance of male privilege (historical and/or contemporary)? Be able to identify examples of each. What is the thinking underlying the secondary workforce as applied to women?
What are features of a masculinist culture according to Messner?
[ T ] Identify examples of gender role influences provided by agents of socialization: family, peers, schools, and mass media.
What difference does being a female make across the dimensions of wealth & income, social power, prestige, and life chances? Identify illustrations of intersection theory and comparable worth. What does glass ceiling and glass elevator refer to?
For which credential are the differences in returns on the investment in education the greatest for women?
[ T ] Compare Figure 10-2 with Figure 10-3. What are the implications of both for the second shift phenomenon? What does this term mean?
What percent of women globally live in absolute poverty?
[ T ] What are the claims of Friedrich Engel’s social conflict theory? Talcott Parsons structural-functionalist theory describes gender in terms of what?

64 Multiple Choice Questions Study Guide - Sociology | SOCI 1101, Study notes of Introduction to Sociology

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