6 Essential
Nutrients
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Six Essential Nutrients: Carbohydrates, Proteins, Fats, Vitamins, Minerals, and Water, Study notes of Nutrition
The six essential nutrients the human body needs: carbohydrates, proteins, fats, vitamins, minerals, and water. It explains their functions, sources, and the role they play in the body.
What you will learn
- What are the functions of proteins in the body?
- What are the best sources of carbohydrates?
- What are minerals and what are their functions?
- What are the six essential nutrients the human body needs?
- What are the different types of minerals and their health benefits?
- What are the different types of proteins and their functions?
Typology: Study notes
2021/2022
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6 Essential
Nutrients
Learning Target
I will be able to identify the 6 essential nutrients the human body needs
- Success Criteria: I can name each essential nutrient. I can describe each nutrient’s function. I can explain how to obtain healthy amounts of each nutrient in my diet.
Carbohydrates
- Supply our bodies with the main source of
energy
- What do you think are the best sources of
carbohydrates?
- whole grains
- vegetables
- beans
- Used as energy
- Yield: 4 calories/gram
What does your body do with carbs?
- Easiest to break down
- Breaks it down into it’s
simplest form (sugar)
- Goes into the bloodstream
(blood sugar level)
What does your body do with protein?
- Breaks it down into it’s simplest form: amino acid
- Amino acids are used for different functions
- Humans need 20 amino acids, but the body can only make 11 Complete proteins have all 9 (like meat and milk) - Incomplete is missing 1 or more (like vegetables)
Fats
3 types of fat
Saturated
Unsaturated
Trans
Used as energy
Yield: 9 calories/gram
Absorbs vitamins
Helps the brain and
nervous system develop
Insulates/cushions body
Helps create hormones
Vitamins
- Substances found in the foods we eat
- Your body cannot make vitamins so we have to obtain them from our diet
- Name some of the vitamins you know and what they do…
- Vitamin A (eye health)
- Vitamin D (bone health
- Vitamin C (immune health)
- B Vitamins (make energy!)
Types of Vitamins
- Fat soluble
- Stored in fat! (and liver) until your body uses it, a few days-6 months
- A, D, E, & K are all fat soluble
- Water soluble
- Travel through your bloodstream, and excess is expelled through urination
- Need to be replaced more often
Types of Minerals
- Macrominerals
(100mg needed
daily)
- Calcium
- Phosporous
- Maganese
- Sodium
- Potassium
- Chloride
- Sulfur
- Trace Minerals (.2-15mg
needed daily)
- Iron
- Maganese
- Copper
- Iodine
- Zinc
- Colbalt
- Flouride
- Selenium
Water
- Makes up 50 - 65% of your body
- Essential for survival – 3 days - Blood is made up of