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Three problems from an environmental science and engineering course focused on hydrology and climate. The first problem involves determining the hydraulic conductivity of an unconfined aquifer using the hvorslev (1951) solution method. The second problem requires estimating the lake evaporation for a given water balance and evaluating the uncertainty of the estimate. The third problem compares open-water evaporation rates using different approaches. Students are expected to use the provided data and equations to solve these problems.
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Due Date: 12/10/2008 (solutions will be made available after the due date.)
Textbook: Physical Hydrology, 2
nd edition, Dingman.
Problem 1 :
Use the Hvorslev (1951) solution method to determine the hydraulic conductivity, K , for a slug test
conducted in a partially penetrating well in an unconfined aquifer. The initial displacement in the well was
0.671 m. Other parameters associated with the test include the well radius rc = 0.125 m , radius of the
piezometer intake R = 0.064 m , and length of the piezometer intake L = 1.52 m. Data collected during the
slug test includes the displacement in h from the original head level at t < 0 or t = โ over time.
Logarithmic paper is provided on the following page. Note that the recommended normalized head range for
straight line match is 0.15 to 0.25 for the Hvorslev (1951) solution method.
Problem 4 (Dingman 7 โ11) :
4 1 K (^) s 7.20 10 cm s
โ โ
1
b ae fc
1
b ae pwp
where ฯ is the porosity, ฯ (^) ae is the airโentry tension in cm , and b is the exponent describing the moistureโ
characteristic curve. Construct a graph (similar to the one shown below) for this soil, with actual values of the
relative water content, ฮธ (^) rel , on the abscissa, where ฮธ rel has the form
pwp rel fc pwp
and evapotransporation, ET , is equal to the potential evapotransporation, PET , ( ET = PET )when