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3.4 Diffusion and Osmosis, Summaries of Chemistry

Passive transport does not require energy input from a cell. • Molecules can move across the cell membrane through passive transport.

Typology: Summaries

2021/2022

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KEY CONCEPT Materials move across membranes
because of concentration differences.
3.4 Diffusion and Osmosis
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KEY CONCEPT Materials move across membranes because of concentration differences.

3.4 Diffusion and Osmosis

Passive transport does not require energy input from a cell.

  • Molecules can move across the cell membrane through passive transport.
  • There are two types of passive transport.
    • osmosis
    • diffusion

3.4 Diffusion and Osmosis

Diffusion and osmosis are types of passive transport.

  • Osmosis is the diffusion of water molecules across a semipermeable membrane.

3.4 Diffusion and Osmosis

Diffusion and osmosis are types of passive transport.

  • There are three types of solutions.
    • isotonic

3.4 Diffusion and Osmosis

  • hypotonic
  • hypertonic

KEY CONCEPT Cells use energy to transport materials that cannot diffuse across a membrane.

3.5 Active Transport, Endocytosis, and Exocytosis

Active transport requires energy input from a cell and enables a cell to move a substance against its concentration gradient.

  • Passive transport requires no energy from the cell.
  • Active transport is powered by chemical energy (ATP).

3.5 Active Transport, Endocytosis, and Exocytosis

  • Cells use active transport to maintain homeostasis.
  • Active transport occurs through transport protein pumps.

A cell can import and export large materials or large amounts of material in vesicles during the processes of endocytosis and exocytosis.

  • Cells use energy to transport material in vesicles.
  • Exocytosis is the process of expelling material from the cell.

3.5 Active Transport, Endocytosis, and Exocytosis