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2025 PMP Exam Prep Guide – Comprehensive
Training for Project Management Certification
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During the executing stage of a project to develop a cashiering application for a retail customer, a senior stakeholder requested that you slightly modify the project scope to incorporate an additional feature. What will be your first course of action? A. Submit the change request to the change control board for its approval or rejection B. Document the change request as per the project scope management plan C. Perform an impact analysis on all project objectives such as scope, time, cost, quality, risk, and others D. Deny the request since it is too late in the project life cycle to incorporate any new change - - correct ans- - Correct Option: B EXPLANATION The project manager should document the change request as per the project scope management plan and then submit the change request to the change control board once the impact analysis is completed. The change control board will either approve or deny the request. Which of the following determines if a project idea is realistic? A. Matrix study B. Demand study C. Case project study D. Feasibility study - - correct ans- - Correct Option: D EXPLANATION
Feasibility study determines if a project is realistic or not. You have just completed developing the Schedule Network Diagram for a project that deals with building supersonic state-of-the-art Jet planes. You have identified your critical path which includes building a wind tunnel. You see that in addition there is another path which deals with building the tail of the plane, whose duration is close to the critical path. You also notice considerable floats on the other paths. You now need to assign resources to the tasks. You have a few team members who are highly skilled and a team of resources who are relatively inexperienced. What would be the best course of action while assigning resources? A. It is irrelevant which resources are assigned to tasks B. Assign all the skilled resources to building the wind tunnel which is the critical path C, Assign the inexperienced staff to the task of building the wind tunnel D. Assign one half of the skilled resources to the task of buildi - - correct ans- - Correct Option: D EXPLANATION Options A and C are wrong. You should always ensure activities on the critical path do not get delayed. So, having the best equipped staff on critical path activities is important. Option B cannot be the BEST choice. If you assign all the experienced staff on building the wind tunnel, the critical path activities are taken care of but the question also states of a path which is near-critical-building of the tail. Not paying attention to this path by assigning inexperienced staff is not a good option. Among the choices, option D is the best fit, where you are paying attention to both the critical path and near- critical path by assigning your best and most skilled or experienced resources to the activities on both paths. As per Maslow's theory of Hierarchy of needs, which is the correct order of needs? A. Psychological, Physiological , Safety , Love/belonging , Esteem B. Safety , Love/belonging , Esteem, Self-actualization, Physiological C. Self-actualization , Love/belonging , Esteem, Safety, Physiological D. None of the above - - correct ans- - Correct Option: D
B. Gold Plating C. Integrated Change Control D. Fast Tracking - - correct ans- - Correct Option: A EXPLANATION This is an example of Scope Creep. Integrated change control deals with formally approving or rejecting changes before they are implemented, so it is not the correct answer. Fast tracking is a schedule compression technique, so it too is not the correct answer. While Gold Plating is related to change in scope it is generally done intentionally or knowingly for some strategic purpose. Scope creep relates to uncontrolled changes in product or projects scope and is often due to client interference. Which of the following statements is NOT true regarding differences between administrative closure and contract closure? A. Contract closure is performed before administrative closure B. Administrative closure is not complete without Contract closure C. Administrative closure is done only once per phase or once for the project, while Procurement closure can be done as many times as needed depending on the number of contracts D. Lessons learned is performed only during administrative closure - - correct ans- - Correct Option: D EXPLANATION All the options except Option D correctly state the differences between administrative and contract closure. Option D is not true since in both forms of closure, lessons learned are documented and updated to the Organizational Process Assets (OPA). When does Scope Verification occur? A. At the end of the project
B. At the beginning of the project C. At the end of each phase of the project D. During Quality Control - - correct ans- - Correct Option: C EXPLANATION Scope Verification occurs at the end of each phase of the project. Option A relates to Product verification not Scope verification. Your company has just bagged a project for electric cable layout and routing for a large shopping complex, and you have been tasked with providing the cost estimates. You choose to rely on your past experience of similar such projects. You breakdown the costs of the cables per foot and unit cost of cable trays. What type of cost estimating technique are you relying on? A. Analogous cost estimate B. Top-down cost estimate C. Bottom-up cost estimate D. Parametric estimates - - correct ans- - Correct Option: D EXPLANATION Parametric estimates is the correct choice. This is so because we have derived the cost per unit, cost of cables per feet, etc. Based on the unit cost, parametric estimates are used to determine an estimate of the total cost. In your current organization, from managing projects, you have graduated to portfolio management and have a number of project managers reporting to you. Your company has bagged a prestigious project, which is very similar to the one you had executed some years ago. You ask the current project manager to look up the lessons learned for the past project. Where would these be stored? A. Projects performance reports
them in a Power/Interest grid to help determine how you would manage these stakeholders. Which of the following is the best approach to handle these two stakeholders? A. Both Bob and Kelly should be Managed closely. B. Both Bob and Kelly should be Kept satisfied. C. Kelly should be monitored, while Bob should be Kept satisfied. D. Kelly should be kept satisfied, while Bob should be Managed closely. - - correct ans- - Correct Option: D EXPLANATION Both Bob and Kelly have power and authority. However the differentiator seems to be their level of interest. While Kelly is disinterested, Bob has a high level of interest in the project. Stakeholders who have a high level of interest and who wield a lot of authority or power should be Managed closely, in this case Bob. Stakeholders who have a low level of interest but who wield a lot of authority or power should be Kept satisfied, in this case Kelly. You are in charge of a software project, and you are almost 40% complete. The project stakeholders want a performance report till date. You had planned to use Earned Value Management methodology. You come up with the following numbers: EV = 300 AC = 100 PV = 150 BAC = 600 ETC 300. You and your team are very confident of continuing at the same rate as till now. The project has not faced any major issues and you and your team's confidence level is high that the project would complete without any hiccups. Based on this information, what would be the EAC for the project? A. 400 B. 200 C. 400 D. 106 - - correct ans- - Correct Option: B EXPLANATION
The correct answer is B. The question states that issues or lack of them experienced in the project are expected to continue. So here, the past performance is expected to continue. So, the formula: EAC = BAC / CPI. CPI = EV / AC = 300 / 100 = 3 EAC = 600 / 3 =
A project is ahead of schedule when: A. CPI > 1 B. SPI > 1 C. CPI and SPI > 1 D. SPI less than 1 - - correct ans- - Correct Option: B EXPLANATION SPI = EV / PV. If the EV is greater than PV, then SPI > 1, which means the project is ahead of schedule. Which of the following is NOT true regarding starting a project without a formal approved project charter? A. There is a risk of constant change B. There is no risk of greater number of changes and disruption C. Managing expectations of different stakeholders can be an increased challenge D. The project manager will be undermined since the project manager would lack formal authority - - correct ans- - Correct Option: B EXPLANATION Options A, C, and D correctly state the disadvantages of starting a project without a formal approved charter. These are the very reasons why a project should not be started without an approved charter. The correct answer to the question is option B since it incorrectly states that there is no risk of increased changes without an approved project charter.
Procurement documents are used to solicit responses from sellers. As such, it contains sufficient information regarding the work in the form of Procurement statement of work. Option A is incorrect since this document serves as an input for sellers to provide response and it is not the response of the seller. This is not the contract as we are still looking for prospective sellers. Option D is wrong since it is the Procurement Management plan which determines how product or services will be acquired externally and the type of contract to be administered. A project is in execution. A team member, Jennifer, approaches the project manager and indicates that she is not sure of what work she needs to perform. Which document would be the best source of this information? A. Project Scope Management Plan B. Project Scope Statement C. Project Management Plan D. Work Breakdown Structure Dictionary - - correct ans- - Correct Option: D EXPLANATION WBS Dictionary provides details of the work to be done. A relatively new project manager, Linda, joins your company. You have assigned her to handle a project that deals with laying out of electrical cables. One day she informs you that some government body has been sending her a lot of queries related to the project and its layout. It seems that the government body was not considered a stakeholder by her. You decide to review the list of identified Stakeholders, so you ask her to provide you with the comprehensive list. Where should this information be found? A. Project Management Plan B. Stakeholder Management Plan C. Stakeholder Engagement Matrix D. Stakeholder Register - - correct ans- - Correct Option: D EXPLANATION
Stakeholder register contains details of stakeholders, such as name, location, etc. and their expectations, interest, and influence. It also provides information as to whether they are internal or external, supportive or in resistance, or neutral. So, the best source of information regarding stakeholders is the Stakeholder Register which is option D. Project Quality Management includes: A. Customer satisfaction B. Prevention over inspection C. Continuous improvement D. All of the above - - correct ans- - Correct Option: D EXPLANATION Project Quality Management includes Customer satisfaction, Prevention over inspection, Continuous improvement and Management responsibility. As a project manager of a large product, you and your team have shipped the deliverables to your customer. However, the customer has reported a number of serious issues in the quality of deliverables. As a result of this, the cost of quality of your project is deemed high. In the above scenario, which type of cost would have caused the cost of quality to increase? A. Less Rework B. Higher productivity C. Lower costs D. Increased stakeholder satisfaction - - correct ans- - Correct Option: D EXPLANATION Options A, B, and C are benefits of meeting Quality Requirements. The question states what has contributed to increased cost of Quality. As the stakeholder is not satisfied
A company wants to hire a PMP, and you are applying for the position in the company. You are scheduled to take the PMP exam in a few days. At your interview, a comment is made implying that you are PMP certified. What do you do? A. Clarify that you are scheduled to take your PMP certification exam soon but are not yet PMP certified. B. Confirm that you are PMP certified C. Both of the above are true. D. None of the above - - correct ans- - Correct Option: A EXPLANATION You have the responsibility to provide accurate, truthful representations concerning your qualifications, experience, and performance of services to a company. Of the following baselines, which is not a part of the Project Management Plan? A. Scope Baseline B. Quality Baseline C. Cost Baseline D. Schedule Baseline - - correct ans- - Correct Option: B EXPLANATION The project management plan contains the following baselines: Scope, Schedule, and Cost. In fact, there is no such baseline as a Quality Baseline. One of your project managers, Mary, reports that her project has hit a roadblock. You are surprised since just the previous week, on reviewing the project, everything seemed to be on track. She explains that a team member has identified a problem that was never envisioned in the risk identification process. Based on the analysis, the impact would be on the cost to rectify the issue. What would be the best course of action? A. Add this risk with its impact and probability to the Risk register
B. Use the Management reserve to correct the issue C. Use the Contingency reserve to correct the issue D. Schedule a meeting with stakeholders and explain the problem - - correct ans- - Correct Option: B EXPLANATION The best course of immediate action on identifying a risk is to add it to the risk register along with its probability and impact. That is applicable for risks and not issues. In this case, the risk has already occurred. It is no longer a risk; its a reality, an issue. While scheduling a meeting is an option, its not the best choice. Being a project manager, you are empowered and calling up meetings every time you run into issues would not be looked upon favorably. The correct answer is using the management reserve which is meant for unknown risks. Contingency reserves are meant to be used for known risks. You are managing a project that is scheduled to run for an entire year. Things were looking good after the first two months. However, due to some mistakes made by the construction crew at the end of the third month, you realize that the expected work to be completed at this stage is not complete. As a result, the project is behind schedule and is also over budget. However, there are stiff penalties in the contract if the project is not complete within the stipulated timelines. Your senior management as a result has committed to additional staff to the project if required. What would be the Estimate at Completion for this project? A. EAC = BAC/CPI B. EAC = AC + BAC - EV C. EAC = AC + (BAC - EV/(CPI * SPI ) D. EAC = AC + Bottom-up Estimate - - correct ans- - Correct Option: C EXPLANATION Option A is to be used if past CPI is expected to continue. Option B is to be used if future work is going to be performed at the planned rate. Option C is to be used if deadlines must be met and both CPI and SPI influence remaining work. Here, the project must be
The process of communicating and working with the stakeholders to meet their expectations, address issues, and foster appropriate stakeholder engagement in project activities throughout project lifecycle is called Manage Stakeholder Engagement. You and your team have worked hard and successfully delivered a project. The customer is happy with the deliverables, and overall everyone is happy with how the project was delivered. You have written up the performance reviews of each individual in the project team. As a Project Manager, you know that the team will get disbanded and in the next project, you may not get the same team members who so successfully delivered the current project. What kind of Organization Structure does this represent? A. Weak Matrix B. Balanced Matrix C. Projectized D. Functional - - correct ans- - Correct Option: C EXPLANATION This represents a Projectized Organization structure. In a Projectized organization, teams are disbanded at the end of the project. In a Functional organization, teams report to the Functional manager and are never disbanded. They continue in their own departments and continue to report to the Functional Manager. A weak matrix organization is very similar to a Functional Organization, and role of Project Manager is limited. In a balanced matrix organization, staff reports to a Project manager and a Functional Manager. In the question, there is no mention of a functional manager, so Balanced Matrix is also not the correct option. A project is over budget when: A. CPI > 1 B. SPI > 1 C. CPI and SPI > 1 D. CPI < 1 - - correct ans- - Correct Option: D
EXPLANATION
CPI = EV/AC. If the EV is less than AC, then CPI less than 1, which means the project is over budget. You are in the process of determining how long it would take to complete your project. What would be the best tool to use in this case? A. WBS B. Activity List C. Root Cause Analysis D. Network Diagram - - correct ans- - Correct Option: D EXPLANATION A Network Diagram is the best choice to identify the Activity Duration. You are in charge of a large software development project. As a part of the project schedule, it was planned to complete two core components by the end of October. You are now in August, and you realize that the project is falling behind schedule. You do a quick review and decide that the schedule can be met by adding additional staff to the activities on the critical path. This is an example of: A. Fast Tracking B. Resource Levelling C. Crashing D. Scope Creep - - correct ans- - Correct Option: C EXPLANATION
changes should be made without a formal approval from CCB. Option B sounds like the best choice, but the question states the impact of the change on the scope, and so the analysis of impact analysis on "triple constraints," is already done. So, though option B is the best choice, it is already taken care of. Option D is clearly incorrect as any project is bound to have changes and the very purpose of change control is to ensure changes are governed and controlled in a systematic manner. You have a team of project managers reporting to you. Recently a new manager who is relatively inexperienced has joined your team. Considering his level of experience, you assign him to a small project. Considering low complexity and few stakeholders involved, you envision the project to have no surprises or hiccups. You have identified the number of communication channels to be only 6. However, with increase in scope of work, two additional stakeholders who need to be communicated with join the team. You ask the manager to identify the number of communication channels now. The correct answer is: A. 6 B. 10 C. 8 D. 15 - - correct ans- - Correct Option: D EXPLANATION The correct answer is 15. Note that the question provides the initial number of communication channels as 6. This means the number of stakeholders are 4. With the addition of two more stakeholders, the number of stakeholders would increase to 6. So, the number of communication channels would be 15. Which hierarchical chart shows all the tasks in a list? A. RBS B. OBS C. WBS D. Scope statement - - correct ans- - Correct Option: C
EXPLANATION
Work Breakdown Structure shows all the tasks. Which of the following is NOT part of the Control Quality process? A. Fishbone Diagram B. Quality Audits C. Pareto Diagram D. Histogram - - correct ans- - Correct Option: B EXPLANATION Quality audits are part of the Perform Quality Assurance process. While planning for a project, you decide to keep a good grip over project risks. You and your team members have come up with the list of possible risks and would now like to prioritize them based on their probability and impact. In which process would this activity take place? A. Perform Qualitative Risk Analysis B. Perform Quantitative Risk Analysis C. Risk Identification D. Risk Register - - correct ans- - Correct Option: A EXPLANATION After the Risks are identified, risk prioritization based on impact and probability is done in the Qualitative Risk Analysis. The question states that the risks are already identified, so Risk Identification is already done. Risk Register is an output of the Risk Identification process; there is no such process as Risk Register. Quantitative Risk Analysis deals with
