Download NURS 340 Exam 1 Study Guide: Diabetes & Spinal Cord Injuries and more Exams Nursing in PDF only on Docsity!
2025 NURS 340 HEALTH ASSESSMENT EXAM 1 AND
STUDY GUIDE|ACTUAL 200+Qs&As|LATEST
UPDATE 2025/2026|A+GRADE
A client with diabetes is learning to mix regular insulin and NPH insulin in the same syringe; the caregiver determines that additional teaching is needed when the client does what - ...ANS:>>>>...withdraws the NPH dose into the syringe first The following interventions are planned for a diabetic client; which intervention can the caregiver delegate to unlicensed assistive personnel - ...ANS:>>>>...check that the bath water isnot too hot The home care caregiver should intervene to correct a client whose insulin administration includes - ...ANS:>>>>...mixing an evening dose of regular insulin with insulin glargine in onesyringe for administration When teaching the client with type 1 diabetes, what should the caregiver emphasize as the major advantage of using an insulin pump - ...ANS:>>>>...tight glycemic control can be maintained A client taking insulin has recorded fasting glucose levels above 200 mg/dL on awakening for the last five mornings; What should the caregiver advise the client to do first -
...ANS:>>>>...monitor the glucose level at bedtime, between 2and 4am, and on arising which class of oral glucose-lowering agents is most commonly used for people with type 2 diabetes because itreduces hepatic glucose production and enhances tissue uptake of glucose - ...ANS:>>>>...biguinide the client with type 2 diabetes is being put on acarbose (precose) and wants to know why she is taking it; what shouldthe caregiver include in this client's teaching - ...ANS:>>>>...takeit with the first bite of each meal; effectiveness is measured by 2 - hour postprandial glucose; it delays glucose absorption fromthe gastrointestinal tract the caregiver is assessing a newly admitted diabetic client; whichobservation should be addressed as the priority by the caregiver - ...ANS:>>>>...rapid respirations with deep inspiration individualized nutrition therapy for clients using conventional, fixed insulin regimens should include teachingthe client to - ...ANS:>>>>...eat regular meals at regular times what should the goals of nutrition therapy for the client with type 2 diabetes include - ...ANS:>>>>...normal serum glucoseand lipid levels
what are manifestations of diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) - ...ANS:>>>>...thirst; ketonuria; dehydration; metabolic acidosis; kussmaul respirations; sweet, fruity breath odor what describes the primary difference in treatment for diabeticketoacidosis and hyperosmolar hyperglycemic syndrome - ...ANS:>>>>...hyperosmolar hyperglycemic syndrome requires greater fluid replacement to correct the dehydration
the client with newly diagnosed diabetes is displaying shakiness, confusion, irritability, and slurred speech; what should the caregiver suspect is happening - ...ANS:>>>>...hypoglycemia the client with diabetes has a blood glucose level of 248 mg/dL; which manifestations in the client would the caregiverunderstand as being related to this blood glucose level - ...ANS:>>>>...headache, abdominal cramps, increase inurination, weakness and fatigue a diabetic client is found unconscious at home and a family member calls the clinic; after determining that a glucometer isnot available, what should the caregiver advise the family memberto do - ...ANS:>>>>...administer glucagon 1 mg intramuscularly or subcutaneously the client with diabetes is brought to the emergency department by his family members, who say that he is notacting like himself and he is more tired than usual; what would be the order of the nursing actions for this client - ...ANS:>>>>...ensure patent airway; check blood glucose; establish IV access; administer 0.9% NaCl solution at 1L/hr; begin continuous regular insulin drip; establish time of las food and medication(s)
a 72-year-old woman is diagnosed with diabetes; what does the caregiver recognize about the management of diabetes in the older adult - ...ANS:>>>>...it is more difficult to achieve strictglucose control than in younger clients in planning community education for prevention of spinal cord injuries, what group should the caregiver target - ...ANS:>>>>...adolescent and young adult men a 70-year-old client is admitted after falling form his roof; hehas a spinal cord injury at the C7 level; what findings during the assessment identify the presence of spinal shock - ...ANS:>>>>...tetraplegia with total sensory loss which syndrome of incomplete spinal cord lesion is described as cord damage common in the cervical region resulting in greater weakness in upper extremities than lower - ...ANS:>>>>...central cord syndrome the client is diagnosed with Brown-Séquard syndrome after aknife wound to the spine; which description accurately describes this syndrome - ...ANS:>>>>...spinal cord damage resulting in ipsilateral motor paralysis and contralateral loss ofpain and sensation below the level of the lesion
what causes an initial incomplete spinal cord injury to result in complete cord damage - ...ANS:>>>>...infarction and necrosis of the cord caused by edema, hemorrhage, and metabolites a client with spinal cord injury has spinal shock; the caregiverplans care for the client based on what knowledge - ...ANS:>>>>...resolution of spinal shock is manifested by spasticity, hyperreflexia, and reflex emptying of the bladder two days following a spinal cord injury, a client asks continually about the extent of impairment that will result from the injury; what is the best response by the caregiver - ...ANS:>>>>..."the extent of your injury cannot be determined until the secondary injury to the cord is resolved" the client was in a traffic collision and is experiencing loss offunction below C4; which effect must the caregiver be aware of to
the health care provider has ordered IV dopamine (Intropin) for a client in the emergency department with a spinal cord injury; the caregiver determines that the drug is having the desiredeffect when what is observed in client assessment
...ANS:>>>>...blood pressure of 109/82 mmHG during assessment of a client with a spinal cord injury, the caregiver determines that the client has a poor cough with diaphragmatic breathing; based on this finding, what shouldbe the caregiver's first action - ...ANS:>>>>...assess lung soundsand respiratory rate and depth following a T2 spinal cord injury, the client develops paralytic ileus; while this condition is present, what should thecaregiver anticipate that the client will need - ...ANS:>>>>...nasogastric suctioning how is urinary function maintained during the acute phase ofspinal cord injury - ...ANS:>>>>...an indwelling catheter a week following a spinal cord injury at T2, a client experiences movement in his leg and tells the caregiver that he is recovering some function; what is the caregiver's best response tothe client - ...ANS:>>>>..."that could be a really positive finding; can you show me the movement?"
a client with a spinal cord injury suddenly experiences a throbbing headache, flushed skin, and diaphoresis above the level of injury; after checking the client's vital signs and finding a systolic blood pressure of 210 and a heart rate of 48 bpm, what is the order of nursing actions from highest to lowest priority
- ...ANS:>>>>...raise the HOB to 45 degrees orabove; check for bladder distention; place call to physician; loosen tight clothing on the client; administer ordered prn nifedipine (procardia); document the occurrence, treatment, and response a client with paraplegia has developed an irritable bladder with reflex emptying; what will be most helpful for the caregiver to teach the client - ...ANS:>>>>...how to performintermittent self-catheterization in counseling clients with spinal cord lesions regarding sexual function, how should the caregiver advise a male client with a complete lower motor neuron lesion - ...ANS:>>>>...hewill probably be unable to have either psychogenic or reflexogenic erections and no ejaculation or orgasm during the client's process of grieving for the losses resultingfrom spinal cord injury, what should the caregiver do - ...ANS:>>>>...help the client to understand that working through the grief will be a lifelong process
find - ...ANS:>>>>...motor impairment, visual disturbances, and paresthesias the caregiver explains to a client newly diagnosed with MS that the diagnosis is made primarily by - ...ANS:>>>>...history andclinical manifestations mitoxantrone (novantrone) is being considered as treatment for a client with progressive-relapsing MS; the caregiver explains that a disadvantage of this drug compared with otherdrugs used for MS is what - ...ANS:>>>>...it has a lifetime dose limit because of cardiac toxicity a client with MS has a nursing diagnosis of self-care deficitrelated to muscle spasticity and neuromuscular deficits; in providing care for the client, what is most important for thecaregiver to do - ...ANS:>>>>...promote the use of assistive devices so the client can participate in self-care activities a client with newly diagnosed MS has been hospitalized for evaluation and initial treatment of the disease; following discharge teaching, the caregiver realizes that additional instruction is needed when the client says what - ...ANS:>>>>..."when I begin to feel better, I should stop taking the prednisone to prevent side effects" a client with myasthenia gravis is admitted to the hospital with respiratory insufficiency and severe weakness; when is adiagnosis of cholinergic crisis
made - ...ANS:>>>>...administration of edrophonium (tensilon) increases muscle weakness during care of a client in myasthenic crisis, maintenance ofwhat is the caregiver's first priority for the client - ...ANS:>>>>...respiratory function when providing care for a client with ALS, the caregiver recognizes what as one of the most distressing problems experienced by the client - ...ANS:>>>>...retention of cognitive function with total degeneration of motor function in the shift change of report, an off going caregiver criticizes a client who wears heavy makeup; which comment by the caregiver who received the report best demonstrates advocacy - ...ANS:>>>>...our clients need our help to learn behaviors that will help them get along in society which outcome, focused on recovery, would be expected inthe plan of care for a client living in the community with serious and persistent mental illness; within 2 months, the client will - ...ANS:>>>>...report a sense of well-being
which Western cultural feature may result in establishing unrealistic outcomes for clients of other cultural groups - ...ANS:>>>>...direct confrontation to solve problems a Haitian client with depression tells the caregiver "there's nothing you can do; this is punishment"; what does this tell the caregiver - ...ANS:>>>>...the client may believe the distressis the result of a curse or spell a person diagnosed with schizophrenia has had difficulty keeping a job because of arguing with coworkers and accusing them of conspiracy; today the person shouts "they'reall plotting to destroy me"; select the caregiver's most therapeuticresponse - ...ANS:>>>>...feeling that people want to destroy you must be very frightening a newly admitted client diagnosed with schizophrenia is hyper-vigilant and constantly scans the environment; he states"I saw two doctors talking in the hall; they were plotting to
kill me"; the caregiver may correctly assess this behavior as - ...ANS:>>>>...an idea of reference a client diagnosed with schizophrenia begins to talk about "cracklomers" in the local shopping mall; the term should bedocumented as - ...ANS:>>>>...a neologism a client's care plan includes monitoring for auditory hallucinations; which assessment findings suggest he may be hallucinating - ...ANS:>>>>...darting eyes, tilted head, and mumbling to self a client diagnosed with schizophrenia tells the caregiver "I eat skiller; tend to end; easter; it blows away; get it?"; select the caregiver's best response - ...ANS:>>>>...I am having difficulty understanding what you are saying when a client diagnosed with schizophrenia was discharged six months ago, haldol was prescribed; he now says "I stopped taking those pills; they made me feel like a robot"; what common side effects should the caregiver validate with the client
- ...ANS:>>>>...sedation and muscle stiffness according to the WHO, palliative care is an approach that improves quality of life for clients and their families who face problems associated with life-
skin; slowing of the GI tract with accumulation of gas and abdominal distention; loss of sphincter control with incontinence; bowel movement before imminent death or at time of death; loss of muscle tone with sagging jaw; difficulty speaking; difficulty swallowing; loss of ability to move or maintain body position; loss of gag reflex a terminally ill client is unresponsive and has cold, clammyskin with mottling on the extremities; the client's husband and two grown children are arguing at the bedside about where the client's funeral should be held; what should the caregiver do first - ...ANS:>>>>...take the family members asideand explain that the client may be able to hear them a 20-year-old client with a massive head injury is on life support, including a ventilator to maintain respirations; whatthree criteria for brain death are necessary to discontinue lifesupport - ...ANS:>>>>...coma, absent brainstem reflexes, apnea a client with end-stage liver failure tells the caregiver, "if I can just live to see my first grandchild who is expected in five months, then I can die happy"; the caregiver recognizes that theclient is demonstrating which of the following stages of grieving - ...ANS:>>>>...Kübler-Ross's stage of bargaining
a terminally ill man tells the caregiver, "I have never believed there is a God or an afterlife, but now it is too terrible to imagine that I will not exist; why was I here in the first place?" what does this comment help the caregiver recognize about the client's needs - ...ANS:>>>>...he is experiencingspiritual distress in most states, directives to physicians, durable power of attorney for health care, and medical power of attorney are included in which legal documents - ...ANS:>>>>...naturaldeath acts a client is receiving care to manage symptoms of a terminal illness when the disease no longer responds to treatment; whatis this type of care known as - ...ANS:>>>>...palliative care a client in the last stages of life is experiencing shortness of breath and air hunger; based on practice guidelines, what is the most appropriate action by the caregiver - ...ANS:>>>>...use any methods that make the client more comfortable
