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2025 CERTIFIED PROFESSIONAL IN PATIENT SAFETY
PRACTICE EXAM|ORIGINAL Qs&As|A+GRADE
A patient safety professional is advocating that a quarterly summary of safety events be distributed to hospital staff at large. Legal counsel is concerned about potential liability and adverse media coverage. Which of the following is the most compelling argument forsharing findings? A. The media will view event reporting in a positive light. B. The events to be shared reflect adherence to the standard of care and thereforepose minimal vulnerability for legal action. C. The leadership of the hospital rewards staff for reporting events. D. Sharing findings^ with^ hospital^ staff^ promotes awareness^ of^ risks^ to^ patients^ andreduces complacency. Which of the following is the best sequence of steps when selecting an event reportingsystem? A. Evaluate available options, pilot selected options, and obtain user feedback. B. Identify the vendor used by a neighboring hospital, solicit a proposal from that vendor, and implement system. C. Design curriculum for end users, invite the vendor to present educational sessions, and offer online tutorials. D. Create^ reports^ needed^ for^ end^ users,^ establish^ accountability^ for^ reporting,^ andguide teams in action planning. Multiple nurses have reported that a physician’s behavior is disruptive. An effective firststep in responding to the nurses' concern is to A. counsel the physician. B. terminate the privileges of the physician. C. refer the case to a physician impairment committee. D. interview the physician. A medical assistant used a small blood pressure cuff on a patient who is morbidly obese with hypertension, resulting in an inappropriate increase in anti-hypertensive medications. In a follow-up visit for severe diarrhea as a side effect of the new anti- hypertensive medication, which of the following conversations by the healthcare provider includes the most appropriate elements for patient disclosure of the medical error? A. "Your diarrhea is probably related to the new anti-hypertensive medicine that we prescribed for you last week. We are going to stop the new medication, which should clear up the diarrhea. Do you have any questions?" B. "Our medical assistant used the wrong size of blood pressure cuff so we changed 1 2 3 4
In January of 2009 a hospital implemented a bar-code system using handheld technologyat the bedside to verify the right patient, drug, dose, time and route for safe medication administration. They trended their system warnings to detect medication system opportunities related to wrong patient. The results are as follows: Based on data generated from the bar-code medication system, which of the following is the best conclusion? A. The system^ has failed to produce a sustainable reduction in wrong-patient events,and removal should be considered. B. The data do not provide sufficient evidence to judge the effectiveness of the system. C. There are adequate data points to support the implementation of a system-wide change in the bar-code medication system. D. Based on the trend over time, it can be predicted that a 20% reduction in the wrong-patient events is expected. your medication, and that is what is causing your diarrhea. I will stop the new medication and that should clear up your diarrhea. I am very sorry this happened." C. "I think your diarrhea is from the new blood pressure medicine that I prescribed because a staff member used the wrong size blood pressure cuff. I am very sorry this happened and that you had to suffer the consequences of having a reaction to the medicine." D. "We have identified that the wrong size of blood pressure cuff was used, which resulted in a prescription for a new medication. The new medication is most likely causing your diarrhea. I am very sorry that you had these unnecessary side effects. We have a new process to prevent this from occurring again. Do you have any questions?" 5
10 Which of the following arguments best supports the value of reporting near miss events? A. Human beings are intrinsically unreliable, and near miss reporting highlights thisreality to leadership. B. Near^ misses^ provide the^ opportunity^ to^ examine^ the^ components^ of^ the^ systemsin which individuals operate. C. Carelessness and inattention of individuals can be identified through near missevent reporting. D. Managers^ should have data in order to counsel and retrain staff associated with^ near misses. In accordance with The Joint Commission National Patient Safety Goal to "identify patients correctly," a patient safety professional in a hospital would like to developsimple guidelines. An important element of this guideline is to A. use each patient's full name when addressing them regarding care. B. mark the correct place on each patient's body where the surgery is to be performed. C. ensure the use of two patient identifiers with each patient encounter. D. create a process for patient sign-off for their care plan. A healthcare organization wants to improve awareness of ways to reduce the risk of medical harm. Which of the following is the most likely to help direct-care clinicians gainawareness of opportunities to make care safe? A. Share the rationale and a cost-benefit analysis for each patient safety initiative undertaken with staff members. B. Ensure results of the facility's Hospital Consumer Assessment of Healthcare Providers and Systems (HCAHPS) scores are shared with staff members. C. Encourage members of the organization's governing board to draw upon personal experiences in decision-making roles. D. Publish vignettes that depict the experience of care as told by patients and family members in newsletters distributed to staff members. A patient safety professional's organization receives notice that a brand of antiseptic wipes is being recalled by the manufacturer due to possible contamination. A systematicresponse to this notice includes A. disseminating the notice to frontline staff. B. identifying the locations where the recalled antiseptic wipes are being used. C. delegating the response to the patient safety professional's administrativeassistant. D. conducting an Internet search for similar recalls. 11 12 13
Twelve months after introducing the WHO Surgical Checklist, an assessment reveals inconsistent compliance. Which of the following is the most effective step to relaunch the program? A. Re-educate surgical staff. B. Place the checklist on each patient chart. C. Include checklist compliance as a criterion in performance review. D. Integrate the checklist into actual workflow of the surgical team. A healthcare organization is working to adopt practices that will reduce the likelihood ofa misconnection involving invasive lines and tubes in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU). A patient safety professional recommends adding nurses and respiratory therapists from the NICU staff to the process improvement team. Which of the followingis the most important reason for this recommendation? A. At least one direct-care nurse must serve on all clinical performance improvement committees as part of the organization’s commitment to attaining Magnet ®^ recognition. B. Direct-care clinicians can articulate current state practice norms and rationale, and help identify unintended consequences in proposed practice changes. C. Service line leaders are infrequently able to foster adoption of controversial practice changes without significant budgetary disruption. D. Direct-care clinicians are in the best position to^ advocate for parents and family members whose presence at the bedside may be impacted by proposed changes. A long-term acute care hospital patient population has changed from young trauma victims to older patients, many of whom are developing pressure ulcers. A patient safetyprofessional recommends that the hospital conduct a failure modes and effects analysis.In which of the following sequences should the process be executed? A. Discuss the failure modes with leadership, redesign the process, and requestfunding for pressure-reducing mattresses. B. Determine failure modes, solicit funding, and implement redesign recommendations. C. Assemble a team, diagram the process, and identify potential failure modes. D. Gather data about^ the number of trauma victims, design a measurement instrument, and identify failure modes. A patient safety professional's organization plans to produce an aggregate report on patient safety events and issues. Which of the following represents the best group of sources for such information? A. national benchmarks, departmental meetings, recall reports B. patient satisfaction surveys, suggestion boxes, risk management reports C. performance improvement data, environmental safety rounds, social mediapostings D. event reporting system, patient safety rounds, patient complaints 14 15 16 17
26 Which of the following should be a priority when applying The Joint Commission National Patient Safety Goals in a physical therapy department? A. Improve the accuracy of patient identification. B. Establish effective alarm systems. C. Reconcile medications. D. Reduce the risk of skin breakdown. During an invasive procedure, a surgeon brushes the tip of a sterile probe against a piece of equipment. This event is observed by the anesthesia provider, the circulator, and a nursing student. The surgeon pauses briefly and returns to work. Neither the anesthesiologist nor staff expresses concern. At the end of the case, the surgeon orderstwo doses of a broad spectrum antibiotic that are not routinely administered for post- procedure prophylaxis following this procedure. The circulator explains to the student this is how breaches are handled with this surgeon. The surgeon becomes defensive if technique is questioned. The event is not reported and the patient makes an uneventful recovery. Which of the following concepts best describes this scenario? A. inattentional blindness B. inadequate hand-off communication C. normalized deviance D. criminal negligence Which of the following is a good example of who should participate in interdisciplinary rounds on a general internal medicine service in a teaching hospital? A. attending physicians, residents, interns, and medical students B. attending physicians and residents from multiple sub-specialty units, including surgery and intensive care C. attending physicians, patients, residents, nursing staff, pharmacy, and socialworkers D. attending^ physicians,^ residents,^ patients,^ and^ performance^ improvementspecialist One of the most common errors in systems thinking is A. an^ inability^ to^ break^ the^ system^ elements^ into^ department-specific elements. B. failing to predict unintended consequences of changing a system element. C. the tendency to foster greater interdependence than anyone can master. D. neglecting to utilize technological advancements to their full potential. As patient safety science continues to evolve, which of the following should be takeninto account when prioritizing patient safety initiatives? A. cases that are highlighted in the media B. relevant issues from internal data sets as the significant indicator of patient safetyneeds C. National Patient Safety Goals to create a framework for the safety program D. errors with the most reported fatalities as the prioritization foundation 23 24 25 27
29 A patient safety professional is preparing a business case for two possible programs. Program A is expected to return $1,250 in savings for every $1,000 invested. Program B is expected to return $750 for every $500 invested. Which program should the professional select based on return on investment? A. Program A at 25% B. Program A at 250% C. Program B at 50% D. Program B at 500% Which of the following teamwork behaviors is critical to improving safety? A. Care for the patient before one's self. B. Always follow the team leader's directions. C. Review and strictly follow protocols. D. Communicate clearly with patients and colleagues. A town's mayor is scheduled for an elective procedure. The mayor requests an alias be used during her stay in the ambulatory surgery center. The center's director arranges forthe nurse manager to take care of the patient directly, believing the patient would want VIP treatment. The patient is taken to a private room not usually used for pre-procedure preparations. Several critical steps are missed by the assigned staff due to their lack of familiarity with the processes. Failures are recognized by the scrub nurse and rectified. No harm results from the oversights. Due to the potential for harm, a root cause analysisis to be performed, and the center's patient safety professional is charged with forming ateam. Who should participate on the root cause analysis? A. chief nursing officer, patient, front desk clerk, nurse anesthetist B. anesthesiologist, front desk clerk, patient advocate, nurse manager C. director, nurse manager, scrub nurse, surgeon D. postoperative nurse, admitting nurse, patient, public relations representative A hospital is expanding to include a new critical care unit. Staff voice concern related to the safe transportation of patients between the new unit and other key hospital services. Which of the following is most appropriate to perform? A. a root cause analysis of a recent incident involving the transport of a critically illpatient B. a safety walk-around with focus on patient transportation C. a failure modes and effects analysis to identify potential risks involving patienttransport D. a rapid design session including critical care nurses to evaluate patient transport 28 30 31
An organization's executive leads safety rounds on a regular basis and is considering including parents of children seen in the pediatric outpatient clinic during the rounds. The patient safety professional should A. question the value of parents' input on safety rounds. B. support this as parents' perspective adds depth to the analysis of issues. C. anticipate rounding may create potential parental anxiety. D. weigh the increased rounding time required by parental involvement. A patient safety team is starting a project to improve medication adherence for patients discharged from the medicine service. Data will be collected from follow-up phone callsas to whether or not patients are taking their medications after discharge. Which of the following should be used to evaluate the intervention? A. Run chart because it shows data over time. B. Run chart because data can be graphically presented. C. Test of significance because it compares aggregated sets of data.
D. Test of significance because it produces a p-value for the data.
A patient safety professional has learned that a recent Sentinel Event Alert reported on
radiation risks of diagnostic imaging. Which of the following agencies is the source for this document? A. Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality B. The Joint Commission C. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention D. Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services A patient care unit has a high fall rate. The Patient Safety Committee wants to know moreabout the data. A patient safety professional displays the number of falls and where they occurred. Which of the following is the best way to show this to the committee? A. scatter diagram B. bar graph C. run chart D. pie graph A patient safety professional would like to use a survey tool to assess patient safety culture. Which of the following external organizations is most helpful in evaluating theculture of safety within an organization? A. National Committee for Quality Assurance B. Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality C. Institute for Healthcare Improvement D. The Joint Commission 35 36 37 38 39
40 One solution to reduce task-based errors is to A. increase supervision and executive safety walk-arounds. B. reduce^ distractions^ and^ emphasize^ the^ importance of^ teamwork. C. monitor task-based errors for consideration during performance evaluation. D. look for technology to accomplish all routine patient care activities. Which of the following methods of identification can be used to meet The Joint Commission National Patient Safety Goal of improving the accuracy of patient identification by using at least two identifiers when administering medications? A. A pseudonym and unique ID number can be assigned to an unidentified patient. B. In the absence of a parent or legal guardian, patients over the age of 12 may provide their full name and date of birth. C. When a patient has an allergy to the ID band, it may be taped securely and visiblyto the head of the bed. D. A caregiver reads aloud the patient's first name and last name. A patient safety professional plans to use rapid cycles of change to test a process redesign. In evaluating each change, the patient safety professional should be lookingfor unintended consequences evidenced by A. properly functioning parallel systems. B. workarounds being used to achieve a desired outcome. C. correct execution of physician orders. D. appropriate supply utilization. A focus on collecting, analyzing, and providing feedback on near miss reports is mostlikely to improve A. patient satisfaction. B. the culture of accountability. C. the organizational commitment to safety. D. core measure compliance. Complexity, lack of clear measures, persistent fear, hierarchical authority, diffuseaccountability, and lack of leadership are examples of A. high reliability factors. B. a culture of autonomy. C. quality measures. D. patient safety barriers. 41 42 43 44
To promote the involvement of patients and caregivers in planning orthopedic treatment options, the patient safety professional should recommend the healthcare team use A. decision^ making^ tools^ provided^ in^ language that^ the patient^ and^ caregivers understand. B. consent forms that are sent home with the patient and caregivers prior to treatment. C. after-visit summaries given to the patient and caregivers outlining care activitiesduring the office visit. D. patient surveys that identify gaps within the process of informed decision making. D. Staff members learn most effectively through webinars. 50
