2024/2025 Introduction to Analytical
Chemistry
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2024/2025 Introduction to Analytical Chemistry, Study notes of Engineering
2024/2025 Introduction to Analytical Chemistry
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2024/2025 Introduction to Analytical Chemistry
Major Areas of
Analytical Chemistry
● Qualitative Analysis ◦ Identification of elements, ions, or compounds present in a sample. ● Quantitative Analysis ◦ Determination of how much one or more constituents are present.
Major Areas of
Analytical Chemistry
● Structur
al
Analysis
◦ Determination of the spatial arrangement of atoms in a compound
- Figure 1-1 p
Scope of Analytical
Chemistry
● Clinical and biological studies ◦ Medical diagnostics (e.g. Blood tests, urinalysis) ◦ Nutrition (e.g. Caloric value, vitamin and mineral content of food products) ◦ Pharmacology (e.g. activity, efficacy/potency) ◦ Toxicology (LD 50 ) ● Geologic Assays ◦ Ores (Mining) ◦ Geological dating
Scope of Analytical
Chemistry
● Forensics ◦ Narcotics (identification of abused substances) ◦ Ballistics (Determination of gun powder residue) ◦ Trace analysis (Blood, semen, saliva, fabrics, etc.) ● Fundamental and Applied Research ◦ Drug Discovery ◦ Development of New Analytical Methods and Instrumentation ◦ Chemical and Biochemical Sensors
Classification of
Analytical Methods
According to Method ● Classical methods ◦
Gravimetric methods
◦Volumetric methods
● Instrumental Methods ◦
Spectroscopic Methods
◦Electroanalytical Methods
◦
Chromatographic Methods
Classification of
Analytical Methods
According to Sample Size Analysis Mass of Sample Volume of Sampl e Macro analysis
100 mg > 100 uL Semimicr o analysis 10 – 100 mg 50 – 100 uL Micro analysis 1 – 10 mg < 50 uL
Ultramicr o analysis < 1 mg ---------------
Constituent sample 13
Self-assessment check
- A 500-mg sample that was analyzed for its glucose content was found to contain 0.25 mg glucose. Which type of analysis best describes this? A. macroanalysis of a major constituent B. macroanalysis of a minor constituent C. microanalysis of a major constituent D. microanalysis of a minor constituent ANSWER:
- A 5.00 g blood sample was found to contain 50 mg of a metabolite of marijuana. The analysis involves a constituent. A. trace B. major C. micro D. minor