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IB/M/Jun24/G4004/E3 7192/
2024 AQA A-level SOCIOLOGY 7192/2 Paper 2 Topics in Sociology Verified Question Paper and Marking Scheme Attached
SOCIOLOGY
Paper 2 Topics in Sociology
Tuesday 4 June 2024 Morning Time allowed: 2 hours
Materials
For this paper you must have:
- an AQA 16 - page answer book.
Instructions
- Use black ink or black ball-point pen.
- Write the information required on the front of your answer book. The Paper Reference is 7192/2.
- Answer all questions from one topic in Section A and all questions from one topic in Section B.
- Do all rough work in your answer book. Cross through any work you do not want to be marked.
Information
- The marks for questions are shown in brackets.
- The maximum mark for this paper is 80.
- Questions should be answered in continuous prose. You will be
marked on your ability to: − use good English − organise information clearly − use specialist vocabulary where appropriate.
IB/M/Jun24/7192/ Section A Choose one topic from this section and answer all the questions on that topic. Topic A1 Culture and Identity 01 Outline and explain two reasons why gender may affect consumption choices. [10 marks] 2 Read Item A below and answer the question that follows. Item A Popular culture is easily accessible and enjoyed by many people. Popular culture broadly reflects mainstream norms and values of society, which some people may reject. Popular culture may affect an individual’s sense of self. Applying material from Item A , analyse two ways that popular culture may affect an individual’s sense of self. [10 marks] 3 Read Item B below and answer the question that follows. Item B Social class refers to a group of people who share a socio-economic status. Some sociologists argue that social class is the most important factor in shaping identity. Social class affects life chances, leisure activities and consumption patterns, as well as values and beliefs. Other sociologists disagree and suggest that other factors such as gender and ethnicity are more important than social class in shaping identity. Applying material from Item B and your knowledge, evaluate the view that social class is the most important factor in shaping identity. [20 marks]
IB/M/Jun24/7192/ Topic A3 Health 0 7 Outline and explain two ways in which use of health care provision may vary between ethnic groups. [10 marks] 0 8 Read Item E below and answer the question that follows. Item E Men are more likely to be in full-time employment than women. Women are socialised into performing a caring role which prioritises family life. There are gender differences in health chances. Applying material from Item E , analyse two reasons for gender differences in health chances. [10 marks] 0 9 Read Item F below and answer the question that follows. Item F Conflict sociologists argue that powerful groups contribute to inequalities in health and illness. For example, Marxists claim that the medical profession and health care industries reinforce class inequalities in health and illness. Other sociologists argue that the medical profession has lost power. Individuals now have increased choice when monitoring health and treating illness. Applying material from Item F and your knowledge, evaluate the extent to which powerful groups control health and illness. [20 marks]
IB/M/Jun24/7192/ Topic A4 Work, Poverty and Welfare 1 0 Outline and explain two reasons why rates of unemployment vary between social groups. [10 marks] 1 1 Read Item G below and answer the question that follows. Item G Changes in technology have led to an increase in production lines. There have also been developments in information and communication technology (ICT). Changes in technology may affect skills required in the workplace. Applying material from Item G , analyse two ways that changes in technology may affect skills required in the workplace. [10 marks] 1 2 Read Item H below and answer the question that follows. Item H Functionalists suggest that poverty has various functions in society today. For example, one function is that the fear of poverty encourages people to work hard to achieve upward social mobility. They also argue that poverty is inevitable as some individuals lack the skills and work ethic to perform higher earning jobs. However, other sociologists argue that poverty is a source of conflict and the outcome of inequalities in the class structure. Applying material from Item H and your knowledge, evaluate the view that poverty is functional and inevitable in society today. [20 marks] Turn over ►
IB/M/Jun24/7192/ Topic B2 Global Development 1 6 Outline and explain two ways in which industrialisation may affect employment in developing countries. [10 marks] 1 7 Read Item K below and answer the question that follows. Item K Most transnational corporations (TNCs) need raw materials and resources to produce goods. They are not usually concerned with what happens to the goods after they have been sold. TNCs may harm the environment. Applying material from Item K , analyse two ways that transnational corporations may harm the environment. [10 marks] 1 8 Read Item L below and answer the question that follows. Item L There are gender differences in the experience of development and underdevelopment. For example, the process of development often provides women with more opportunities for education, better health and paid employment. Early theories of development, such as modernisation theory, often saw gender issues as unimportant. However, feminists have emphasised that gender is central to development and underdevelopment. Applying material from Item L and your knowledge, evaluate sociological views of gender differences in the experience of development and underdevelopment. [20 marks] Turn over ►
IB/M/Jun24/7192/ Topic B3 The Media 19 Outline and explain two ways in which the ownership and control of the media may have been affected by the growth of the new media. [10 marks] 20 Read Item M below and answer the question that follows. Item M There is now a very wide range of different media available. The media may also be less trusted sources of information than they used to be. The media may not always have a direct influence on their audiences. Applying material from Item M , analyse two reasons why the media may not always have a direct influence on their audiences. [10 marks] 21 Read Item N below and answer the question that follows. Item N Some sociologists suggest the media have often presented stereotypical representations of social classes. For example, working class people are often represented negatively in comparison to other social classes. Marxists suggest the ruling class use the media to present ideas that suit their interests. However, others argue that new media platforms are being used to challenge stereotypes presented by the mass media. Applying material from Item N and your knowledge, evaluate sociological explanations of the ways in which the media represent people from different social classes. [20 marks]
IB/M/Jun24/7192/ There are no questions printed on this page
IB/M/Jun24/7192/ There are no questions printed on this page
A-LEVEL
SOCIOLOGY
Paper 2 Topics in Sociology Mark scheme June 2024
MARK SCHEME – A LEVEL SOCIOLOGY – 7192/2 – JUNE 2024
2 Mark schemes are prepared by the Lead Assessment Writer and considered, together with the relevant questions, by a panel of subject teachers. This mark scheme includes any amendments made at the standardisation events which all associates participate in and is the scheme which was used by them in this examination. The standardisation process ensures that the mark scheme covers the students’ responses to questions and that every associate understands and applies it in the same correct way. As preparation for standardisation each associate analyses a number of students’ scripts. Alternative answers not already covered by the mark scheme are discussed and legislated for. If, after the standardisation process, associates encounter unusual answers which have not been raised they are required to refer these to the Lead Examiner. It must be stressed that a mark scheme is a working document, in many cases further developed and expanded on the basis of students’ reactions to a particular paper. Assumptions about future mark schemes on the basis of one year’s document should be avoided; whilst the guiding principles of assessment remain constant, details will change, depending on the content of a particular examination paper. No student should be disadvantaged on the basis of their gender identity and/or how they refer to the gender identity of others in their exam responses. A consistent use of ‘they/them’ as a singular and pronouns beyond ‘she/her’ or ‘he/him’ will be credited in exam responses in line with existing mark scheme criteria. Further copies of this mark scheme are available from aqa.org.uk
MARK SCHEME – A LEVEL SOCIOLOGY – 7192/2 – JUNE 2024
4 Topic A1 Culture and Identity Qu Marking guidance Total marks 01 Outline and explain two reasons why gender may affect consumption choices. 10 Marks Level descriptors 8 – 10 Answers in this band will show very good knowledge and understanding of two reasons why gender affects consumption choices. There will be two applications of relevant material, eg gender role socialisation shapes different tastes in toys, fashion and activities for both males and females which impacts upon their consumption patterns; pressure from media images to conform to certain gender identities such as males seeking to appear more macho has created a market of products to help create these identities. There will be appropriate analysis, eg the extent to which gender affects consumption choices. 4 – 7 Answers in this band will show a reasonable to good knowledge and understanding of one or two reasons why gender affects consumption choices. There will be one or two applications of relevant material, eg lower pay of women restricts consumption. There will be some basic analysis. 1 – 3 Answers in this band will show limited knowledge and little or no understanding of the question or the material. There will be limited focus on the question, eg drift into account of gender identities. There will be little or no analysis. 0 No relevant points. Indicative content Answers may include the following and/or other relevant points:
- process of canalisation shaping desire for certain toys and interest in certain activities
- women may have less free time due to their domestic role which reduces consumption choice
- women’s consumption and leisure activities linked to their domestic role and often involve childcare obligations
- lower pay of women restricts their disposable income, limiting access to leisure activities
- social expectations about what sort of leisure activities are appropriate for males and females
- patriarchal values of society mean that women are subject to higher levels of social control in public spaces affecting consumption patterns
MARK SCHEME – A LEVEL SOCIOLOGY – 7192/2 – JUNE 2024
5 Sources may include the following or other relevant ones: de Beauvoir; Bocock; Butler; Collier; Connell; Deem; Lury; Lyotard; McRobbie; Mort; Oakley; Roberts; Statham; Susman; Whelehan.
- media^ images^ pressuring^ men^ to^ appear^ more^ macho^ creates^ a^ market^ for^ fashion^ and^ weight loss products.
MARK SCHEME – A LEVEL SOCIOLOGY – 7192/2 – JUNE 2024
7 Sources may include the following or other relevant ones: Becker; Bourdieu; Clarke et al; Cooley; Giddings; Goffman; Hall; Handel; Jenkins; Livingstone; Macdonald; Storey; Strinati.
MARK SCHEME – A LEVEL SOCIOLOGY – 7192/2 – JUNE 2024
8 Item B Social class refers to a group of people who share a socio-economic status. Some sociologists argue that social class is the most important factor in shaping identity. Social class affects life chances, leisure activities and consumption patterns, as well as values and beliefs. Other sociologists disagree and suggest that other factors such as gender and ethnicity are more important than social class in shaping identity. Qu Marking guidance Total marks (^03) Applying material from Item B and your knowledge, evaluate the view that social class is the most important factor in shaping identity.
Marks Level descriptors 17 – 20 Answers in this band will show sound, conceptually detailed knowledge of a range of relevant material on the view that social class is the most important factor in shaping identity. Sophisticated understanding of the question and of the presented material will be shown. Appropriate material will be applied accurately and with sensitivity to the issues raised by the question. Analysis and evaluation will be explicit and relevant. Evaluation may be developed, for example by developing a theoretical debate (eg, Marxism, feminisms, postmodernism, functionalism) and/or the importance of other factors in shaping identity such as age, gender, ethnicity, disability and sexuality. Analysis will show clear explanation. Appropriate conclusions will be drawn. 13 – 16 Answers in this band will show largely accurate, broad or deep but incomplete knowledge. Understands a number of significant aspects of the question; good understanding of the presented material. Application of material is largely explicitly relevant to the question, though some material may be inadequately focused. Some limited explicit evaluation, eg the extent to which social class is the most important source of identity and/or some appropriate analysis, eg clear explanations of some of the presented material.
